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[hemmerling] Red Hat Enterprise Linux ( RHEL ), The CentOS Project ( CentOS ), Fedora Linux ( F ), openSUSE, Amazon Linux ( AL )

Installation from downloaded DVD ISO Images

Using "Rufus 4.9.2256" on Windows to prepare a USB Stick as Media for RHEL, CentOS, F, openSUSE, AL Installer

Drive Properties

  • Persistant partition size = “0” GB.
  • Partition Scheme: “MBR”.
  • Target system: “BIOS or UEFI”.
  • [x] List USB Hard Drives.
  • [x] Add fixes for old BIOSes ( extra partition, align, ect. ).
  • [_] Enable runtime UEFI media validation.

Format Options

  • File system: “FAT32 ( Default )”.
  • [x] Quick Format.
  • [x] Create extended label and icon files.
  • [_] Check device for bad blocks.

ISOHybrid Images & DD Mode

  • Rufus message, when trying to transfer a RHEL, CentOS, F, openSUSE image to a USB stick:
    The image you have selected is an "ISOHybrid" image.
    (_) Write in ISO Image mode ( Recommended ).
    (x) Write in DD Image mode.
  • I selected “DD”.
  • With “ISO” for “CentOS Stream 10”, there is the error message:
    GRUB loading.
    Welcome to GRUB!
    error: file '/boot/grub/i386-pc/normal.mod' not found.
    Entering rescue mode...
    

CentOS Stream 10: UEFI Bootloader

  • Rufus message, when trying to transfer a “CentOS Stream 10” image to a USB stick:
    Rufus detected that the ISO you have selected contains a UEFI bootloader that has been revoked and that will produce a "Security Violation" screen, when Secure Boot is enabled on a fully up to date UEFI system.
  • reddit "r/CentOS" - "CentOS won't boot on secure boot" - ” Revocation of UEFI bootloaders happens all the time and CentOS Stream 9 was released in 2023, so, yeah, it happens to be using a UEFI bootloader where vulnerabilities have been found and that has therefore been revoked, hence the message you see in Rufus. One would have expected CentOS to at least have released an updated version of CentOS Stream 9 that uses a non-vulnerable bootloader, but it appears they haven't done that”.

CentOS Stream 10: Selecting the proper Grub Version

  • Rufus message, when trying to transfer a “CentOS Stream 10” image to a USB stick, for the first time:
    The image uses Grub 2.12-nonstandard-gdie but the application only includes the installation files for Grub 2.12.
    As different versions of Grub may not be compatible with one another, and it is not possible to include them all, Rufus will attempt to locate a version of the Grub installation file ( "core.img" ) that mateches the one from your image.
    
    - Select "Yes" to connect to the Internet and attempt to download it.
    - Select "no" to use the default version from Rufus.
    - Select "Cancel" to abort the operation.
    
    Note: The file will be downloaded in the current application directory and will be reused automatically if present. If no match can be found online, then the default version will be used.
  • I selected “Yes”.

CentOS Stream 10: Installation Process

  • CentOS installation screen:
    Install CentOS Stream 10
    Test this media & install CentOS Stream 10
    Install CentOS Stream 10 in FIPS mode
    
  • On my Notebook “Dell Vostro 1000” ( 2 GB RAM ), with all 3 options, the computer reboots while installation still loads data before showing any further welcome screen.

Fedora WORKSTATION

  • Fedora WORKSTATION is a Live installation.
  • On my Notebook “Dell Vostro 1000” ( 2 GB RAM ), the computer hangs before showing any further welcome screen.

Fedora SERVER 42: Installation Process

Required Disk Space
  • Base environment:
    1. “Fedora Server Edition” - “Your current Fedora software selection requires 2.15 GiB of available space”.
    2. “Fedora Custom Operating System” - “Your current Fedora software selection requires 1.61 GiB of available space”.

openSUSE Leap 15.6: Installation Process

Suggested Partitioning for "Dell Vostro 1000"
  • Create GPT on /dev/sda.
Default User
    • “With the live CD, the default user is 'linux' and the password is empty for this user”.
  • Create partition /dev/sda1 ( 109.79 GiB ) for / with btrfs.
  • Create partition /dev/sda2 ( 2.00 GiB ) for swap.

Basic Installation Parameters

  • Free memory on systems:
Desktop free -m cat /proc/swaps Comment
Mem: total Mem: available Swap: used ”/dev/sda5 Used
Fedora Server Edition 1829 1455 0 0
Fedora Custom Operating System 1829 1464 0 0
openSUSE Desktop with KDE Plasma ? ? 0 0
openSUSE Desktop with Gnome ? ? 0 0
openSUSE Desktop with Xfce ? ? 0 0
openSUSE Desktop with Deskop ? ? 0 0
openSUSE Server 1845 1508 0 0

Package Management & Package Installation

DNF

Yum

YaST ( openSUSE only )

Yum

Fedora Linux specific

Red Hat Enterprise Linux specific

The CentOS Project specific

openSUSE (formerly: SUSE Linux ) specific

Switching of Text Consoles

  • CTRL+ALT+F1, CTRL+ALT+F2, CTRL+ALT+F3, CTRL+ALT+F4, CTRL+ALT+F5, CTRL+ALT+F6.

Resources

 
en/redhat.html.txt · Last modified: 2025/07/10 22:47 (external edit) · []
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