[hemmerling] Realtime Operating Systems, Operating Systems for Embedded Systems, Distributed Operating Systems

Related pages:

• Embedded Systems.

• IEEE TCRTS Technical Committee on Real-Time Systems.

• OSEK VDX.
  • OSEK VDX Portal "General Information / Project status / Specifications" - Free download of PDfs.
    • OSEK VDX "OSEK Implementation Language (OIL)" - Experts told me, that this might be a suitable standard to describe realtime operating systems, in general .

• SoureForge "FreeOSEK", SoureForge "openOSEK" - “FreeOSEK is now part of GitHub "ciaa/Firmware".
• Computadora Industrial Abierta Argentina - Plataforma electrónica libre y gratuita preparada especialmente para aplicaciones industriales. ( CIAA ).
• GitHub "ciaa/Firmware".

• TecHub "Convert OIL OSEK file to XML with Java".
• Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Technische Fakultät, Lehrstuhl für Informatik 4 "KESO Toolchain: Developing your own Application" - “Jino compiles the Java modules to C source code and also generates a configuration file for the OSEK operating system in OIL format for the used OSEK operating system”.

• The FreeRTOS Project, SourceForge "FreeRTOS Real Time Kernel", SourceForge "FreeRTOS Real Time Kernel" - “portable, open source, royalty free, mini Real Time Kernel for ARM7, ARM9, Cortex-M3, MSP430, MicroBlaze, AVR, x86, PIC32, PIC24, dsPIC, H8S, HCS12 and 8051”.
  • FreeRTOS Ports.
  • TI MSP430 (MSP430F449) RTOS Port for the CrossWorks Development Tools.
  • FreeRTOS "ColdFire V2 RTOS Demo, Using Eclipse and GCC - The port and demo are preconfigured to use:
    • An MCF5282 ColdFire MCU.
    • The M5282EVB evaluation board.
  • Simplemachines "AVR32 UC3 - FreeRTOS Real Time Kernel Documentation".
  • EN.Wikipedia "FreeRTOS", DE.Wikipedia "FreeRTOS".
• Book Richard Barry: "Using The FreeRTOS Real Time Kernel - Standard Edition (FreeRTOS Tutorial Books)".
  • The PDF book Richard Barry: "Using The FreeRTOS Real Time Kernel - Standard Edition (FreeRTOS Tutorial Books)", © 2009, V1.0.5 ( PDF ).
  • The PDF book Richard Barry: "FreeRTOS User Manual, © 2003 - 2007.
• Book Richard Barry: "Using The FreeRTOS Real Time Kernel - Cortex M3 Edition (FreeRTOS Tutorial Books)".
• Book Richard Barry: "Using The FreeRTOS Real Time Kernel - Microchip PIC32 Edition (FreeRTOS Tutorial Books)".
• Book Richard Barry: "Using The FreeRTOS Real Time Kernel - NXP LPC17xx Edition (FreeRTOS Tutorial Books)".
  • The free PDF book Richard Barry: "Using The FreeRTOS Real Time Kernel - NXP LPC17xx Edition (FreeRTOS Tutorial Books) - Summary", V.1.3.0, 56 of 197 pages extracted - “This document provides a summary of the full text. It includes the complete table of contents, the preface and the first section of each chapter”.
• Book Richard Barry: "Using The FreeRTOS Real Time Kernel - Renesas RX600 Edition (FreeRTOS Tutorial Books)".

• Wittenstein AG / WA&S Ltd - HighintegritySystems.
  • Wittenstein AG / WA&S Ltd "OPENRTOS" = commercial edition of FreeRTOS + an integrated TCP/IP stack.
  • Wittenstein AG / WA&S Ltd "OPENRTOS Manuals & Datasheets".
    • Wittenstein AG / WA&S Ltd "Quick Reference Guide" ( PDF ).
    • Wittenstein AG / WA&S Ltd "OPENRTOS Connect" ( PDF ).
    • Wittenstein AG / WA&S Ltd "OPENRTOSOverview" ( PDF ).
  • Wittenstein AG / WA&S Ltd "SAFERTOS".
  • “The Texas Instruments LM3S9B96 is sold with SafeRTOS pre-embedded in ROM. SafeRTOS can be used free of charge on these parts with free support being provided through the HighintegritySystems forum”.
• Book Richard Barry: "Using The OPENRTOS Real Time Kernel", Richard Barry: "Using The OPENRTOS Real Time Kernel".

• Amazon AWS "Amazon FreeRTOS – IoT-Betriebssystem für Mikrocontroller".
• Amazon AWS "Amazon FreeRTOS Documentation".
• GitHub "amazon-freertos".

• Experts told me, that “Amazon FreeRTOS” implements the TLS 1.2 security protocol, required for AWS IOT.
  • EN.Wikipedia "Transport Layer Security", DE.Wikipedia "Transport Layer Security".
• mikrocontroller.net "Amazon FreeRTOS vorgestellt", 2017.

• The OpenSource operating system Atomthreads: Open Source RTOS.
  • Targets: AVR, STM8.
  • No claimed support of the ATxmega CPU, yet !
• The C Kernel - “Easy portable to other platforms (currently supported: 8051+derivates, Fujitsu F2MC-16, Infineon C166+derivates, x86 and Z80)”.
• The Contiki OS, SourceForge "The Contiki Operating System", SourceForge "The Contiki Operating System".
  • EN.Wikipedia "Contiki", DE.Wikipedia "Contiki".
  • No claimed support of the ATxmega CPU, yet !
• eCos - “an open source, royalty-free, real-time operating system”, Supported Hardware: ARM, CalmRISC, FR-V, FR30, H8, IA32, 68K/ColdFire, Matsushita AM3x, MIPS, NEC V8xx, PowerPC, SPARC, SuperH”.
  • eCos Supported Hardware - Coldfire MCF5272 boards.
  • Andreas Bürgel.
    • “eCos application development manual”.
    • “eCos porting guide - focusing mainly on the ARM architecture”.
  • TowerGeeks "eCos for tower".
• The free operating system Jacos Yandex "jacOS" for PIC, AVR, MSP430 and х51 - Support just in russian language, source code just by request from the author.
  • No claimed support of the ATxmega CPU, yet !
• The OpenSource operating system SourceForge "Helium Real Time Kernel", SourceForge "Helium Real Time Kernel".
  • Helium V1 for 68S08, 69HC08, AVR.
  • Helium V2 for Coldfire 51QE, 68S08.
  • No claimed support of the ATxmega CPU, yet !
• The OpenSource nilsen elektronikk as "proc Real-Time Kernel" - “Supported architectures: x86 / PC, 68HC11 (also banked), H8 (8 and 16 bits), 68k / 6833x, ColdFire, 80C196, C167, AVR, i960Jx, MSP430, Z180”.
• Nut/OS.
  • Ethernut.
  • egnite GmbH "Nut/OS"
  • Targets: ATmega128, ARM7, ARM9.
  • No claimed support of the ATxmega CPU, yet !
  • AVR Freaks Forum, Thread "TCP/IP xmega enc28j60".
• NuttX.
  • The OpenSource SourceForge "NuttX RTOS", SourceForge "NuttX RTOS" for ARM, Atmel ATmega, Atmel AVR32, PIC32...
  • No claimed support of the ATxmega CPU, yet !
  • DE.Wikipedia "" - Section “OSEK-OS / OSEK-TTOS: Betriebssystem-Standard des OSEK/VDX Gremiums für Controller in der Automobilindustrie, AUTOSAR-Betriebssystemstandard des AUTOSAR Verbundes”.
  • EN.Wikipedia "OSEK", DE.Wikipedia "OSEK" - “Offene Systeme und deren Schnittstellen für die Elektronik im Kraftfahrzeug”.
  • DE.Wikipedia "OSEK-OS".
• RoweBots Research Inc..
  • EN.Wikipedia "pSOS" - “In August 2007, RoweBots, a former partner of SCG and ISI, open sourced their pSOS+ compatible version called Reliant. It is available to all that wish to upgrade without applications changes”.
  • Planet Open Source.
    • “DSPnano is an ultra tiny Linux™ and POSIX compatible embedded or real-time operating system (RTOS) for 16 bit processors”
    • “The Unison Operating System is an ultra tiny Linux™ and POSIX compatible embedded or real-time operating system (RTOS) for 32 bit processors”.
• TinyOS - “Open source, BSD-licensed operating system designed for low-power wireless devices”.
  • Google Code "tinyos-main".
  • MSP430 TinyOS port.
  • TinyOS Wiki.
    • TinyOS Wiki "ATmega128".
  • No claimed support of the ATxmega CPU, yet !
• Real-Time Executive for Multiprocessor Systems (RTEMS) - “A free open source solution that supports applications with the most stringent real-time requirements”.
  • RTEMS Wiki.
    • RTEMS Wiki "SupportedCPUs" - Targets: “ADI Blackfin”, “Motorola MC68xxx”, “Motorola Coldfire”, “Renesas SH including SH1, SH2, SH3 and SH4”, ...
    • RTEMS Wiki "Open Projects".
• The realtime operating systems “µC/OS-II”, “µC/OS-III”.
  • Book Jean J. Labrosse: "MicroC / OS-II: The Real Time Kernel: The Real-Time Kernel. Use this complete portable, ROMable scalable preemptive RTOS in your own product".
  • Micrium - RTOS and Tools - “Although many of the example projects that can be downloaded from Micriµm's site incorporate µC/TCP-IP's full source code, the stack is not open-source software. Likewise, µC/OS-II is not an open-source kernel. The example projects are intended for evaluation use only. Developers seeking to use µC/OS-II or µC/TCP-IP commercially must contact Micriµm to obtain the proper license(s)”.
  • ucos-ii.com ( Gundula Femmer, Softbox "µC/OS-II" ) - Rotten website, no imprint, no contact formular, nonimplemented functions...
    • Archive.org "ucos-ii.com - µC/OS-II ports" - “Note that only the PORT is provided and it is assumed that you have the rest of the source for µC/OS-II from the book or the upgrade”.
• The realtime operating system µTasker for ARM, Atmel AVR32, Freescale Coldfire, with non-commercial and commercial licenses.
• The realtime operating system Shift-Right Technologies, LLC "eXtreme Minimal Kernel", SourceForge "e(X)treme (M)inimal (K)ernel", SourceForge "e(X)treme (M)inimal (K)ernel" for Atmel ATmega, Hitachi/Renesas.
  • No claimed support of the ATxmega CPU, yet !
• The OpenSource realtime operating system Zephyr Project.
  • Zephyr Project Documentation.
  • “350+ Boards Supported” .
  • “Small footprint: scales from small Cortex-M devices to multi-core 64-bit CPUs”.
  • There is a POSIX interface .
  • Suitable for IOT.
  • It was presented on the ForthDay 2021

• The OpenSource uIP - “The open-source uIP TCP/IP stack provides TCP/IP connectivity to tiny embedded 8-bit microcontrollers, with maintained interoperability and RFC standards compliance”.
  • Adam Dunkel's uIP on the Olimex EasyWeb2 - “Welcome to the project page which contains a port of Adam Dunkel's uIP to the SoftBaugh TCP430 and the Olimex EasyWeb2”.
  • LA Skater "uIP-AVR" for ATMega128.
• The OpenSource lwIP - A Lightweight TCP/IP stack.
  • UltimaSerial "AVR32 lwIP Workshops".
• The free Microchip TCP/IP stack.

• Microchip "ENC28J60" - “Stand alone Ethernet Controller with on board MAC & PHY, 8 Kbytes of Buffer RAM and an SPI serial interface”.
  • Chaos Computer Club Berlin e. ( CCCB ) "AVR-Board mit Ethernet".

• Elm Chan "The Electronic Lives Manufacturing - presented by ChaN.
  • Elm Chan "Softwares".
    • Elm Chan "FatFs Generic FAT File System Module".
    • Elm Chan "Petit FAT File System Module".

• ARM "mbed" - “A platform and operating system for internet-connected devices based on 32-bit ARM Cortex-M microcontrollers”.
  • ARM "ARM mbed Developer Site".
    • The OpenSource operating system ARM "Technology / mbed OS".
• EN.Wikipedia "mbed".

• ARM "CMSIS - Cortex Microcontroller Software Interface Standard" - “The CMSIS consists of the following components: ... CMSIS-RTOS API: Common API for Real-Time operating systems. It provides a standardized programming interface that is portable to many RTOS and enables therefore software templates, middleware, libraries, and other components that can work across supported the RTOS systems”.
• ARM "ARM mbed Developer Site / CMSIS-RTOS" - “The CMSIS-RTOS is a common API for Real-Time operating systems. It provides a standardized programming interface that is portable to many RTOS and enables therefore software templates, middleware, libraries, and other components that can work across supported the RTOS systems”.

• InfoWorld "ARM builds an OS for the Internet of things. ARM's Mbed OS will be free for use on ARM chips when it's released next year", 2014.
• InfoWorld "ARM's Mbed falls short of true open source", 2014.
• EVO Things "Getting started with mbed – ARMs new IoT platform and the Nordic Semiconductor nRF51-DK", 2015-02.

• The OpenSource operating system Larry Barello "AvrX" for IAR and GNU-C toolchain.
  • No claimed support of the ATxmega CPU, yet !
• The OpenSource operating system Femto OS, SourceForge "Femto OS", SourceForge "Femto OS" - “RTOS for small MCU's like AVR”.
  • No claimed support of the ATxmega CPU, yet !

• Espressif Systems "RTOS" - List of realtime operating systems, for ESP32 CPUs.

• Embedded Access Inc.
  • The commercial realtime operating system Embedded Access Inc "MQX RTOS".
  • MQX by Freescale - OpenSource but not license-free realtime operating system, for some Freescale platforms ( Coldfire, Kinetis/ARM Cortex M4,.. ).
    • Business model:
      • In general, you need a commercial edition of the Freescale IDE & Compiler ”CodeWarrior” for compilation and use of MQX. You might succeed with one-time configuration & compilation of MQX using the commercial professional edition of CodeWarrior, and then switch to the free edition for compiling you own application and linking your code with precompiled MQX modules to a working application.
      • The commercial professional edition of CodeWarrior with “Task Awareness” debugging for MQX is enabled to debug MQX applications on task level.
      • The “Task Awareness” works just with MQX, so no benefit using the commercial professional edition of CodeWarrior with different operating systems like FreeRTOS or with simple schedulers.
  • Note on Coldfire support: “By Products: ColdFire Processors.... MCF520X (now available for alpha customers)”.
  • Freescale Semiconductor, Inc "Introduction to MQX".
  • Freescale Semiconductor, Inc "Getting Started with MQX".
• µMicrium C/OS-II - for Freescale platforms without MQX support.
• Freescale eGUI - “Graphical LCD Driver for MCUs and MPUs”.

• RetroBSD: Unix for microcontrollers, Google Code " retrobsd. BSD Unix for microcontrollers" - “RetroBSD is a port of 2.11BSD Unix intended for embedded systems with fixed memory mapping. The current target is Microchip PIC32 microcontroller with 128 kbytes of RAM and 512 kbytes of Flash. PIC32 processor has MIPS M4K architecture”.

• RadiSys Corporation.
  • RadiSys "Microware OS-9 Real Time Operating System".
• Real-Time Services Inc. - OS-9 World Wide Archive.
  • Real-Time Services Inc. "EFFO - European Forum for OS-9. 'Forum' archive".
• S-9 Frequently Asked Questions List, 1995-04-27.
• EN.Wikipedia "OS-9", DE.Wikipedia "OS-9".

• See Distributed Computing on Automotive Networks, Car Electronics and Automotive Data Formats.

• OSEK VDX Portal.
• Erika Enterprise and RT-Druid - “A free of charge, open-source implementation of the ISO 17356 API (derived from the OSEK/VDX API)”.
• ETAS Deutschland, Entwicklungs- und Applikationswerkzeuge für elektronische Systeme GmbH "RTA-OSEK".

• IT-Designers GmbH "Publikationen / Skripte".
  • “Das OSEK-Betriebssystem Ercosek” ( PDF ).

• AUTOSAR Development Cooperation "AUTOSAR.org".
• EN.Wikipedia "OSEK", DE.Wikipedia "OSEK", DE.Wikipedia "OSEK-OS".
• EN.Wikipedia "AUTOSAR", DE.Wikipedia "AUTOSAR".

• QNX Neutrino RTOS.
• QNX Momentics Tool Suite.
• QNX - Non-commercial developers - Software Development Platform” ( QNX Neutrino RTOS, QNX Momentics Tool Suite ) for Windows and Linux. Free license for non-commercial use.
• QNX - The Free Software area.
• EN.Wikipedia "QNX", DE.Wikipedia "QNX".

• RT-Thread IoT OS ( rt-thread.io ).
• RT-Thread IoT OS - Chinese ( rt-thread.org ).
• Facebook "RT-Thread IoT OS".

• Medium "RT-Thread IoT OS".
  • Medium "RT-Thread IoT OS", Article "2022 RT-Thread IoT OS Tech Conference Registration Is Open!".
• Microsoft Teams "RT-Thread IoT OS Global Tech Conference 2022", 2022-06-01 - 2022-06-02.
• Microsoft Teams "2023 RT-Thread Global Tech Conference", 2023-06-01 - 2023-06-03 - “01/06/2023, 17:00 - 03/06/2023, 23:00 Time zone: (UTC+01:00)”.

• TI-RTOS: Real-Time Operating System (RTOS).
• Texas Instruments "RTOS including TI-RTOS & SYS/BIOS".

• Tock Embedded Operating System - “Programmable IoT starts at the edge. An embedded operating system designed for running multiple concurrent, mutually distrustful applications on low-memory and low-power microcontrollers”.

• EN.Wikipedia "TRON project", EN.Wikipedia "TRON-Projekt" - “TRON itself does not specify the source code for the kernel, but instead is a “set of interfaces and design guidelines” for creating the kernel. This allows different companies to create their own versions of TRON, based on the specifications, which can be suited for different microprocessors. While the specification of TRON is publicly available, implementations can be proprietary at the discretion of the implementer”.

• EN.Wikipedia "Nucleus RTOS", EN.Wikipedia "Nucleus (Betriebssystem)",
• Wind River - Realtime operating system “VxWorks”, development tools ( Wind River Workbench OCD, DIAB C/C++ Cross Compiler, SDS SingleStep Debugger, EST visionPROBE, EST visionICE Emulatoren, visionCLICK Debugger, SNiFF+ ).
  • EN.Wikipedia "Wind River Systems", DE.Wikipedia "Wind River Systems", EN.Wikipedia "VxWorks", DE.Wikipedia "VxWorks".
  • EN.Wikipedia "pSOS" - “No further releases of pSOS itself will be made”.
  • EEmbedded Tools GmbH "Wind River".
• Pumpkin, Inc. - "Salvo - The RTOS that runs in tiny places".
  • The free Salvo Lite is limited to a small number of tasks and events, etc. (typically 3 tasks and 5 events.
  • pumpkininc.com/salvo/lite/msp430 - free version of Salvo for MSP430 (“Lite”).
  • pumpkininc.com/salvo/lite/8051 - free version of Salvo for 8051 (“Lite”).

• Elixir.
• EN.Wikipedia "Elixir (programming language)", DE.Wikipedia "Elixir (Programmiersprache)".

• See FORTH.

• eLua, see Lua & eLua.

• EN.Wikipedia "Robot Operating System", DE.Wikipedia "Robot Operating System" ( ROS ).

• Plan 9 from Bell Labs.
• vita nuova "Inferno" - “A compact operating system for building cross-platform distributed systems”.
• vita nuova "Limbo" - “The application programming language for Inferno. Syntactically similar to C, it has several features that make it simpler, safer and yet more powerful and better suited to the development of concurrent, distributed systems”.

• EN.Wikipedia "Distributed operating system".
• EN.Wikipedia "Plan 9 from Bell Labs".
• EN.Wikipedia "Vita Nuova Holdings".
• Heise "Betriebssystem Inferno 4 als Download", 2004-05-17.

• DE.Wikipedia "Echtzeitsystem" → DIN 44300.
• Archive.org "IT- und Elektronikfachverlag AWi Aktuelles Wissen Verlagsgesellschaft mbH - "Marktübersichten AWi Verlag", 2004-04-04.
  • Paper magazine “Electronic Embedded Systeme”, issue 07/2002 - ”Marktübersicht: Echtzeitbetriebssysteme” ( PDF ).
  • Paper magazine “Electronic Embedded Systeme”, issue 07/2001 - ”Echtzeitbetriebssysteme” ( PDF ).
  • Paper magazine “Electronic Embedded Systeme”, issue 01/2000 - ”Marktübersicht: Echtzeitbetriebssysteme” ( PDF ).
• Heise.
  • C´t 8/1992 "Just in Time. Was Echtzeit-Betriebssysteme von gewöhnlichen unterscheidet".
  • C´t 9/1992 "Just in Time. Echtzeit-Betriebssysteme, Teil 2: Marktreport".

• MenuetOS.
  • “A pre-emptive, real-time and multiprocessor Operating System in development for the PC written entirely in 32/64 bit assembly language. Menuet64 is released under License and Menuet32 under GPL”.
  • “Fits on a single floppy, boots also from CD and USB drives”.
• “HUAWEI LiteOS”.
  • HUAWEI "Huawei’s Agile Network 3.0 Architecture Launched at Huawei Network Congress 2015", 2015-05-20 - “As part of HNC, Huawei will also launch its Agile IoT Solution, which consists of three core components: Agile IoT gateway, Agile Controller and LiteOS, a lightweight IoT operating system (OS). 'Huawei believes that standardizing ICT infrastructure will foster the development of Internet applications, including IoT applications. To address this, Huawei is launching our IoT OS, LiteOS'”.
  • The Verge "Huawei launches 10KB LiteOS to power the internet of things".
  • According to staff members in 2016-03, “HUAWEI LiteOS” focusses on beeing a hardware-independant layer ( API ) for applications and on power managment of the MCU and other components ( for energy saving). It was not confirmed that it contains a task scheduler.

• ePanorama.net "Embedded systems links".
• Elektronikladen.
  • Jens Altenburg: "Multitasking mit dem MSP430" ( PDF ).
• eg3 "best of the web - rtos".
• IAR Systems "RTOS Partner Program".
• E. Douglas Jensen "Real-Time for the Real World" - basics of realtime systems.
• rtos-report.org - Selecting an embedded RTOS.
• EN.Wikipedia "FlexOS".
• EN.Wikipedia "Real-time computing", EN.Wikipedia "Real-time operating system", DE.Wikipedia "Echtzeitsystem", EN.Wikipedia "List of operating systems".

• Google Groups "comp.realtime", Google Groups "comp.os.os9", Google Groups "comp.os.vxworks", Google Groups "comp.os.qnx", Google Groups "comp.os.lynx", Google Groups "comp.sys.m68k", Google Groups "comp.os.research", Google Groups "hannover.uni.comp.rtos-uh".
• Google Groups "comp.terminals".
• OpenQNX.
• QNX "QNX Community Forums", QNX "Foundry27" - “The community portal for QNX software developers”.
• µTasker Forum.
• Wittenstein AG / WA&S Ltd - HighintegritySystems "Forums - Support for OpenRTOS and SafeRTOS".
• Yahoo.
  • Yahoo Groups "avrx · Support group for the AvrX RTOS".
  • Yahoo Groups "nuttx · NuttX Embedded RTOS".
  • Yahoo Group "MicriumNewsGroup · Micriµm, Inc. - News Group".

• OpenDirectory "Top: Computers: Software: Operating Systems: Embedded".
• OpenDirectory "Top: Computers: Software: Operating Systems: Realtime".
  • OpenDirectory "Top: Computers: Software: Operating Systems: Realtime: Open Source".