[hemmerling] Data Processing 1/7 - Databases, Webserver, Webservices, SQL, XML

Related pages:

• Data Processing 2/7 - Descriptions of Data, Data Transfer and Data Protocols.
• Data Processing 3/7 - NoSQL Databases: Not Just SQL.
• Data Processing 4/7 - Database Managment Tools and Database Application Development Tools.
• Data Processing 5/7 - Business Intelligence.
• Data Processing 6/7 - Data Warehouse Modeling.
• Data Processing 7/7 - Machine Learning.
• Testing.
• Unit Test / Module Test.
• Web Technologies ( HTML5, HTML, XML & Javascript ) 3/5 - Javascript.

• Deutsche ORACLE-Anwendergruppe e.V. ( DOAG ).
  • XING "DOAG Deutsche Oracle Anwendergruppe e.V.".
  • XING Company "DOAG Deutsche Oracle Anwendergruppe e.V.".
  • LinkedIn "DOAG e.V. (German Oracle User Group)".
• deutschsprachige FoxPro User Group c/o ISYS GmbH ( dFPUG ).
• Open MaxDB Group (OMDG) - “Unabhängige Vereinigung von MaxDB-Anwendern und -Anwendungsentwicklern”.
• Professional Association for SQL Server ( PASS ), PASS Deutschland e.V. - “The Definitive German Community for SQL Server Professionals”.
  • PASS Deutschland e.V. "Regionalgruppentreffen" - As of 2018-08, this list of events is totally incomplete, so this list is irrelevant for interested listeners. Please go to the “Regionalgruppe” page for list of all meetings of a regional group.
  • PASS Deutschland e.V. "RG Hannover", Meetup "PASS RG Hannover Meetup".
  • Twitter "SQLPASS.DE", Twitter "PASS".
  • Redgate "The future of SQLSaturday and the data platform community", 2021-01.
• Transaction Processing Performance Council ( TPC ) - “The TPC defines transaction processing and database benchmarks and delivers trusted results o the industry”.

• DataGrillen ( formerly: SQLGrillen ) in Lingen.
  • 2015-2019:SQLGrillen by Emsland SQL Server User Group and IT-Dienstleistungsgesellschaft mbH Emsland ( it.emsland ).
    • 2015-09-04.
    • 2016-08-19.
    • 2017-06-02.
    • 2018-06-21 ( commercial workshop ) - 2018-06-22.
    • 2019-06-20 – 2019-06-21.
  • 2024: DataGrillen by “DataGrillen UG” and IT-Dienstleistungsgesellschaft mbH Emsland ( it.emsland ).
    • 2024-05-16 - 2024-05-17.
    • TiTo "Datagrillen / 2024".
  • GitHub "DataGrillen" ( "SQLGrillen" ).
  • Twitter "DataGrillen (@DataGrillen)" ( formerly: Twitter "DataGrillen (@sqlgrillen)" ) - “SQL Server training, combining the best ingredients: Databases, Bratwurst and Beer”.
  • Reviews:
    • SQL aus Hamburg - unser täglich Brot mit MS SQL Servern "SQLGrillen 2018 – unter vielen Größen".
• PostgreSQL Conference Europe, PostgreSQL Wiki "Events", PostgreSQL Wiki "Category:PostgreSQL Events".
  • Deutschsprachige PostgreSQL Konferenz.
    • Deutschsprachige PostgreSQL Konferenz 2013 in Oberhausen, 2013-11-08.
    • No Deutschsprachige PostgreSQL Konferenz 2014 !
    • Deutschsprachige PostgreSQL Konferenz 2015 in Hamburg, 2015-11-26 - 2015-11-27.
    • No Deutschsprachige PostgreSQL Konferenz 2016 !
    • Deutschsprachige PostgreSQL Konferenz 2017 in Berlin, 2017-10-03.
    • Deutschsprachige PostgreSQL Konferenz 2018 in Berlin, 2018-04-13.
  • PostgreSQL Conference Europe.
    • PostgreSQL Conference Europe 2011 in Netherlands, Amsterdam.
    • PostgreSQL Conference Europe 2012 in Czech Republic, Prague.
    • PostgreSQL Conference Europe 2013 in Ireland, Dublin.
    • PostgreSQL Conference Europe 2014 in Spain, Madrid.
    • PostgreSQL Conference Europe 2015 in Austria, Vienna.
    • PostgreSQL Conference Europe 2016 in Tallin, Estonia.
    • PostgreSQL Conference Europe 2017 in Warsaw, Poland.
    • PostgreSQL Conference Europe 2018 in Lisbon, Portugal.
    • PostgreSQL Conference Europe 2019 in Milan, Italy.
  • PGDay Europe 2010 in Stuttgart.
  • PGDay Europe 2009 in France, Paris.
  • PostgreSQL Wiki "European PGDay 2008" in Italy, Prato.
• The series of online conferences Professional Association for SQL Server "24 Hours of PASS" ( 24HOP ) by Professional Association for SQL Server ( PASS ).
  • 24 Hours of PASS: Business Analytics Edition 2014, 2014-02-05.
  • Twitter "24HOP".
• SQL Konferenz in Darmstadt.
  • 2015-02-03 - 2015-02-05 in Darmstadt.
  • 2016-02-23 - 2016-02-25 in Darmstadt.
  • 2017-02-14 - 2017-02-17 in Darmstadt.
• SQL Saturday by PASS Deutschland e.V..
  • Pass e.V. "SQLSaturday".
  • EvenBrite "PASS Deutschland e.V.".
  • SQL Saturday #230, 2013-07-13 in St.Augustin, Germany - I participated .
    • Yumpu "SQLSaturday #230 - Rheinland" - Official online conference document with agenda .
  • SQL Saturday #313, 2014-06-28 in St.Augustin, Germany - I participated .
  • SQL Saturday #409, 2015-06-13 in St.Augustin, Germany.
  • SQL Saturday #525, 2016-06-11 in St.Augustin, Germany.
  • SQL Saturday #605, 2017-06-10 in St.Augustin, Germany.
  • SQL Saturday #760, SQL Saturday #760, 2018-06-09 in St.Augustin, Germany.
  • SQL Saturday #856, SQL Saturday #856, 2019-05-25 in St.Augustin, Germany.
  • SQL Saturday #969, 2020-06-20 in St.Augustin, Germany.
• Meetup "Northern Germany MariaDB Meetup (Hamburg)".
• “The SQLite & Tcl Conference” - See Tcl / Tk ( tickle ) 1/2.
• Free international online conference PASS Data Community Summit, 2021-11-08 - 2021-11-12.

• Apache Spark.
  • Apache Spark "GraphX".
  • Apache Spark "Spark SQL".
• EN.Wikipedia "Apache Spark", DE.Wikipedia "Apache Spark".

• SourceForge "blackray", SourceForge "blackray".
• Facebook "blackray".
• Archive.org "blackray.org".
• Archive.org "SoftMethod GmbH".
• EN.Wikipedia "BlackRay" - “Open source main memory high-performance relational database management system developed by SoftMethod GmbH”.

• The OpenSource CrateDB - “Real-time SQL Database for Machine Data & IoT”.
• EN.Wikipedia "CrateDB" - “CrateDB's language is SQL but it uses the document-oriented approach of NoSQL style databases”.

• The OpenSource SQL database Ingres Corporation "Ingres".
• The OpenSource SQL database PostgreSQL, EnterpriseDB - The Enterprise PostgreSQL Company.
• Wiki PostgreSQL Wiki.
• PostgreSQL Documentation.
• “postgresql-8.4.13-1-windows.exe” and “postgresql-9.0.8-1-windows.exe” are the latest editions for W2k ( Download: OldApps "PostgreSQL" ).
• The installation of “postgresql-9.0.8-1-windows.exe” on W2k causes a warning at the end of installation “A non-fatal error occured during cluster initalisation. Please check the installation log in C:\Temp for details”.
• Installation of Postgres 9.4:
  • Password for the database superuser (postgres) → e.g “admin”.
  • Port number → default port number is “5432”.
  • Locale to be used by the new database cluster → Locale ”[Default locale]”.

• PostgREST - “A standalone web server that turns your PostgreSQL database directly into a RESTful API. The structural constraints and permissions in the database determine the API endpoints and operations.”.

• Configuration suggestions:
  • Standard user: “postgres”. The password may be set during installation.
  • Standard SQL server port: “5432”.
  • For users in Germany:
    • Select the locale to be used by the new database cluster. Local “English, United Kingdom”. Do not set it to ”[Default locale]”.
    • If you use a Windows computer with local Windows settings for Germany ( e.g. ”,” as decimal mark ),
      • no matter if you use an English or German operating system,
      • and if you set the database locale to ”[Default locale”],
      • You will get all database messages in German language .
  • php2all "postgreSQL // standard admin account".

• Wiki PostgreSQL Wiki.
• PostreSQL.de.
• Al Dev (Alavoor Vasudevan) "Database-SQL-RDBMS HOW-TO document for Linux (PostgreSQL Object Relational Database System)".
  • Al Dev (Alavoor Vasudevan) "Interface Drivers for PostgreSQL" → ODBC, UDBC, JDBC.
• EN.Wikipedia "Ingres (database)", DE.Wikipedia "Ingres".
• EN.Wikipedia "PostgreSQL", DE.Wikipedia "PostgreSQL".

• Borland InterBase Open Source.
• Firebird.
• The Firebird FAQ.
• EN.Wikipedia "Firebird (database server)", DE.Wikipedia "Firebird (Datenbank)", EN.Wikipedia "InterBase", DE.Wikipedia "InterBase".

• Apache Derby - “OpenSource relational database implemented entirely in Java”.
• Oracle "Java DB".
• EN.Wikipedia "Apache Derby", DE.Wikipedia "Apache Derby".

• db4objects by Versant.
• db4o Developer Community - “Developer Community db4o open source object database, native to Java and .NET”.

• The Supportware HyperSQL, Sourceforge "HyperSQL Database Engine (HSQLDB)", Sourceforge "HyperSQL Database Engine (HSQLDB)" - “HSQLDB - 100% Java Database”. “A file based SQL server that does not require any services to be installed”.
• EN.Wikipedia "HSQLDB", DE.Wikipedia "HSQLDB".

• Legacy website SAP DB - The FREE Enterprise Open Source Database ( - 2004-04-31 ).
• SAP Community Network - "SAP MaxDB - The SAP Database System".
• SAP® MaxDB – The SAP Database.

• MySQL, MySQL.de.
  • MySQL Documentation: MySQL Reference Manuals.
  • MySQL Connectors - JDBC, ODBC, ADO.NET,...
  • MySQL Labs - “MySQL HTTP Plugin”,...
  • Blogroll Planet MySQL.
  • Sourceforge "MM.MySQL", Sourceforge "MM.MySQL", Sourceforge "MM.MySQL" - Online Documentation.
• EN.Wikipedia "InnoDB", DE.Wikipedia "InnoDB".
• EN.Wikipedia "MyISAM", DE.Wikipedia "MyISAM".

• MariaDB.org.
• SkySQL, The MariaDB Company For Database Management, MariaDB.com.
• MariaDB "MariaDB AX. Modern analytics and data warehousing made easy" -
  • MariaDB AX is an enterprise open source solution for modern data warehousing – fast, powerful and scalable analytics on commodity hardware or cloud infrastructure.
  • MariaDB AX is comprised of a database with analytical storage and query processing (MariaDB ColumnStore), an advanced database proxy (MariaDB MaxScale), connectors (C/C++ and JDBC/ODBC), application import adapters (C++, Java, Python and Spark) and streaming import adapters for Apache Kafka and MariaDB MaxScale.
• EN.Wikipedia "MariaDB", DE.Wikipedia "MariaDB".
• As of 2018-03, MariaDB supports the new SQL Data Types “JSON”, but it stores the data as MySQL / MariaDB SQL Data Types “LONGTEXT”. As of 2018-03, MySQL doesn´t support an SQL Data Types “JSON”.

• Galera Cluster for MySQL.
• MariaDB "What is MariaDB Galera Cluster?".

• Crate.IO.
  • Crate.IO "Crate vs MySQL" - “Over MySQL Crate gives you...”.
  • Crate.IO "Migrating from MySQL".

• The OpenSource backup software MySQLDumper for MySQL, written in PHP und Perl.

• MySQLTutorial.
  • MySQLTutorial "An Introduction to MySQL BOOLEAN Data Type".

• Standard SQL server port: “3306”
• Peter Brawley and Arthur Fuller "Get It Done With MySQL 5&6".

• The OpenSource SQLite.
• Features:
  • “Embedded SQL database engine. Unlike most other SQL databases, SQLite does not have a separate server process. SQLite reads and writes directly to ordinary disk files” ( self-description ).
  • “Allows to store all the data and design in a single file that can be easily e-mailed or published in the Internet; requires no maintenance and installation” ( Kexi ).
• Wiki SQLite CVSTrac Wiki".
• Christian Werner "SQLite ODBC Driver".
• PHP:
  • PHP Manual ( PHP.net ) "SQLite Functions".
  • The OpenSource Jon Jensen "SQLiteDB" - “A simple PHP class I've written for working with SQLite”.
• Perl:
  • CPAN "Andreas Faafeng > Parse-Dia-SQL", Github "aff / Parse-Dia-SQL" - “Convert Dia class diagrams into SQL”, “Command-line interface to Parse::Dia::SQL”.
    • EN.Wikipedia "Dia (software)", DE.Wikipedia "Dia (Software)".
• Python:
  • Archive.org "Peter Kaiser, Johannes Ernesti: 'Python. Das umfassende Handbuch - Aktuell zu Python 2.5', Chapter '19.3 Datenbanken', Subchapter '19.3.1 Pythons eingebaute Datenbank – sqlite3'.
  • Mouse vs. Python "Python: A Simple Step-by-Step SQLite Tutorial".
  • Python Documentation "11.13. sqlite3 — DB-API 2.0 interface for SQLite databases".
  • ZetCode "SQLite Python tutorial".

• See NoSQL Databases - Not Just SQL.

• CRATE - Your Elastic Data Store.
  • “Crate.IO has built a new breed of database to serve today’s mammoth data needs. Based on the familiar SQL syntax, Crate combines high availability, resiliency, and scalability”.
  • “Why choose Crate Data? You can build similar solutions by combining a medley of technologies, like Mongo, Elasticsearch, Hadoop, CouchDB, Riak, Redis, MySQL, Postgres ect.”.
  • “Crate is a data store with the benefits of a NoSQL document with powerful search ( Elasticsearch as library included ), accessable using SQL.
  • I met CRATE representative XING "Stephanie Hollenstein" on the Europython 2014 fair.

• Presto, GitHub "Presto", GitHub "facebook/presto".
  • “Distributed SQL Query Engine for Big Data”.
  • “An open source distributed SQL query engine for running interactive analytic queries against data sources of all sizes ranging from gigabytes to petabytes”.
  • Facebook "Presto".
  • Twitter "Presto, @prestodb".

• See Lua Applications and Applications with Lua as Scripting Language.

• IBM DB2 Express-C - “Free to develop, free to deploy, free to distribute”.
• DB2 Express Edition - “Easy to Use. Low Cost. Powerful”.
• EN.Wikipedia "DB2" - “DB2 Express-C is also similar to the free versions of Oracle database and Microsoft SQL Server, except that DB2 Express-C has no limit on number of users or on database size”.
• DE.Wikipedia "DB2".
  • Limitations of IBM DB2 Express-C:
    • “Benutzung von max. 2 Kernen einer CPU (bzw. 4 Kerne mit zusätzlichem Wartungsvertrag)”.
    • “Benutzung von max. 2 GB Hauptspeicher (bzw. 4 GB mit zusätzlichem Wartungsvertrag)”.
    • “Diese Version hat keine Einschränkungen hinsichtlich der Größe der Datenbank und der Anzahl der Benutzer, ohne zusätzlichen Wartungsvertrag gibt es jedoch keine Replikation, 24/7-Support und komfortable Updates”.

• IBM Informix product family.
  • IBM Developerworks "Compare the Informix Version 11 editions".
  • IBM Informix Developer Edition - free for developers.
  • The free database IBM Informix Innovator-C Edition - “1 socket with no more than 4 cores and a total of 2GB of RAM operating from the same Install”.
  • The free database IBM Informix Ultimate-C Editions for Macintosh and Windows, 2010-05-26 - 2010-07-22.
    • Due to the the introduction of the newly available commercial Informix Choice Edition for Macintosh and Windows, the free Informix Ultimate-C Editions for Macintosh and Windows have been withdrawn, 2010-07-22.
    • I am still looking for a copy of this free “IBM Informix Ulitimate-C Edition” for Windows. Please contact me if you downloaded the free “IBM Informix Ultimate-C” edition for Windows in-time !
• International Informix Users Group "The Open-Source for Informix Project".
• EN.Wikipedia "Informix", DE.Wikipedia "Informix".
• Informix Software. The Informix Zone "Vergessen Sie MySQL: Informix ist jetzt kostenlos !", 2010-05-26.
• planetIDS.com "Informix Ultimate-C", 2010-06-06.
• Open on Informix, Open on Informix, Open on Informix initiative by 83 Degrees South / LinkedIn "83 Degrees South" / Twitter "Fanuel Dewever@83degreessouth".
  • LinkedIn "Informix - IIUG supported user group", message "Launch of Open on Informix".
  • As business gift on the CEBIT 2011, 83 Degrees South granted me IBM field glasses .

• EN.Wikipedia "Microsoft SQL Server", DE.Wikipedia "Microsoft SQL Server".
• Microsoft SLQ Server.
• Microsoft SLQ Server Express.
• Microsoft SQL Server just run on “server” operating systems ( W2k-Server, Win2003-Server, Win2008-Server ). Just the SQL Server Express editions and the SQL Server developer edition available by the MSDN subscription run on W2k, WinXP-Pro, Vista-Business, Win7-Pro.
• Project Crescent.
  • SQL Server Reporting Services Team Blog, MSDN "A Glimpse at Project Crescent".
• SIEMENS WinCC is shipped with a “Standard Edition” of Microsoft SQL Server .
• Microsoft Library "Features Supported by the Editions of SQL Server 2008 R2".
• Microsoft Server 2008 "Editions".

• Microsoft SQL Server 2000 Desktop Engine (MSDE 2000) Version A, for Win98, Win98SE, WinME, W2k, WinXP.

• Maximum database size: 4 GB.
• SQL Server Express.
  • Microsoft Download Center "Microsoft SQL Server 2005 Express Edition".
    • There is a “SQL Server 2005 Express Edition Service Pack 4”
  • Microsoft Download Center "Microsoft SQL Server 2005 Express Edition with Advanced Services Service Pack 2".
• SQL Server Management Studio Express.
  • Microsoft Download Center "Microsoft SQL Server 2005 Express Edition Toolkit" - “It contains SQL Server 2005 Management Studio Express, a graphical management tool, and Business Intelligence Development Studio, a creation and editing environment for reports using SQL Server Reporting Services”.
  • Microsoft Download Center "Microsoft SQL Server Management Studio Express Service Pack 3".
  • There is a “SQL Server Management Studio Express Service Pack 4”
• Microsoft Download Center "Feature Pack for Microsoft SQL Server 2005 - February 2007" - ” A collection of standalone install packages that provide additional value for SQL Server 2005”.
• Microsoft Support "How to obtain the latest service pack for SQL Server 2005" - “Extended support for SQL Server 2005 ends on April 12, 2016”.

• Maximum database size: 10 GB.
• Microsoft Download Center "Microsoft SQL Server 2008 R2 SP2 - Express Edition" for WinXP.

• Maximum database size: 10 GB.
• Microsoft Download Center "Microsoft SQL Server 2012 Express" for Windows Vista.

• Maximum database size: 10 GB.
• Microsoft Download Center "Microsoft SQL Server 2014 Express" for Win7.
• Microsoft Download Center "Microsoft SQL Server 2014 Service Pack 1 (SP1) Express" for Win7.
• Microsoft Download Center "Microsoft SQL Server 2014 Service Pack 2 (SP2) Express" for Win8.1.

• Maximum database size: 10 GB.
• Microsoft Download Center "Microsoft SQL Server 2016 Express" for Win8.
• Microsoft MSDN Blog "SQL Database Engine Blog" - "In-Memory OLTP in Standard and Express editions, with SQL Server 2016 SP1", 2016.

• Microsoft "Microsoft SQL Server 2017 Express".

• Python3 and TSQL are the SQL-server internal script languages.
• Experts told me in 2017-09, that there will be a free Microsoft SQL developer version, not intended for production use.
• Tools.
  • Declarative Azure provisioning by GitHub.io "Azure CLI 2.0" - “Azure CLI 2.0 is your command line for Microsoft Azure that you can use from anywhere”.
  • Programmative Azure provisioning by PowerShell.
• Microsoft SQL Server Blog - Official News from Microsoft’s Information Platform "Try new SQL Server command line tools to generate T-SQL scripts and monitor Dynamic Management Views".
  • “mssql-scripter”.
  • “DBFS”.

• “Replay Markup Language (RML) Utilities for SQL Server”.
  • Microsoft Support "Description of the Replay Markup Language (RML) Utilities for SQL Server".
  • Microsoft Support "RML Utilities for SQL Server (x86) ".
  • Microsoft Support "RML Utilities for SQL Server (x64) CU4".

• Microsoft MSDN "SQL Server Integration Services".
• Microsoft MSDN "Package Management (SSIS Service)".
• Microsoft MSDN "SSIS Package Format".
• Microsoft MSDN "[MS-DTSX]: Data Transformation Services Package XML File Format".
• Blog Microsoft MSDN Blog "SSIS Blog. Helpful information and examples on how to use SQL Server Integration Services".
  • Microsoft MSDN Blog "SSIS Blog" - "Package Format Changes in SQL Server Denali", 2011-08-10.
• EN.Wikipedia "SQL Server Integration Services", DE.Wikipedia "SQL Server Integration Services".
• EN.Wikipedia "Data Transformation Services", DE.Wikipedia "Data Transformation Services".

• BimlScript.
  • BimlScript.
    • BimlScript "BimlScript Resources".
    • BimlScript "Start Writing Biml Right Now!" for browsers with Sliverlight - Free online BimlScript editor, with syntax highlighting.
  • Varigence.
    • Varigence "Products" - The commercial IDE “Mist” for SSIS und SSAS development.
    • Varigence "Mist" ( for MSIE only )
    • Varigence "Varigence Library " - “Biml Language” and “Biml API” documentation.
  • Toolchain for use with free BimlScript tools.
    • SQL Server 2014.
    • The free Microsoft Downloads "SQL Server Data Tools – Business Intelligence für Visual Studio 2013.
    • The OpenSource tool CodePlex "BIDShelper".
    • The free Microsoft Visual Studio "Visual Studio Express 2013 für Windows Desktop".
    • A CVS system ( Subversion, Git,..).
• CodePlex "Microsoft SQL Server Community Samples: Integration Services".
  • The OpenSource tool CodePlex "Microsoft SQL Server Community Samples: Integration Services" - "EzAPI - Package Generation API".
    • In 2015, the latest edition with installer is for SQL Server 2008.
    • Features:
      • Creation SSIS packages of any complexity including both SSIS runtime and pipeline (tasks, containers and components).
      • BIDS like behavior (automatic column mapping in destinations, automatic metadata refresh, default values of properties, etc).
    • Microsoft MSDN Blog "SSID Blog" - "EzAPI – Alternative package creation API".
• CodePlex "SSIS Package Manager - PacMan".
• You might write your own stored-procedure code , running on SQL server.

• The motivation for “Integration Services” and SSIS:
  • Graphical design process “by mouseclick”, to determine and to connect and configure data sources for data transfer to and from an Microsoft SQL Server.
  • Internally, the Integration Services use components ( DLLs ) of Micosoft SQL Server, e.g. for lookup and fuzzy logic.
  • The Integration Services generate SSIS packages, in XML-based DTSX format. SSIS packages and its XML code do not allow any flow control like for-loops and if-then-else like any programming language.
  • Its easy to generate a handful of SSIS packages by the graphical design tools of IS , but a nightmare if you must generate 1000 packages. The approach for IS automation is to generate the XML code by third-party tools, by an own script language which supports usual programing language structures like for-loops and if-then-else.
• Book Tim Mitchell, Andy Leonard, Matt Masson, Jessica Moss, Michelle Ufford: "SQL Server 2012 Integration Services Design Patterns".
• Andy Leonard "Stairway to BIML".

Foren:

• James Snape. Business Intelligence – Solution Architecture "SSIS".
• StackOverflow "biml".
• Paul Te Braak - Business Intelligence Blog, "Category Archives: SSIS" - 25 posts about BIML.
• Catherine Wilhelmsen "Biml Resources and References".

• Codeplex - Open Source Community "Microsoft SQL Server Community Projects & Samples".
• The free Microsoft Download Center "SQLIO Disk Subsystem Benchmark Tool" for Windows - may be used to test SAN.

• Book Kalen Delaney, Paul S. Randal, Kimberly L. Tripp "Microsoft SQL Server 2008 Internals".
  • Blog Kalen Delaney "SQLBLOG.COM - THE SQL Server Blog Spot on the Web.
  • Blog SQLSkills "Paul S. Randal - In Recovery...".
  • Blog SQLSkills "Kimberly L. Tripp - Improving my SQL skills through your questions!".
• Ola Hallengren, SQL Server Maintenance Solution.
  • Ola Hallengren, SQL Server Maintenance Solution "SQL Server Backup" - Script “MaintenanceSolution.sql”.
    • You have to configure the script at the settings “SET @BackupDirectory” and “SET @CleanupTime”.
• Brent Ozar.
  • SQL Server First Responder Kit. sp_Blitz, sp_BlitzCache, sp_BlitzIndex, and other SQL Server scripts for health checks and performance tuning.
  • Brent Ozar "sp_Blitz – Free SQL Server Health Check Script".
    • Brent Ozar "Free SQL Server Download Pack: Our Scripts and eBooks".
  • GitHub "BrentOzarULTD".
    • GitHub "BrentOzarULTD/SQL-Server-First-Responder-Kit"
  • YouTube "Brent Ozar Unlimited".
    • YouTube "How to Use sp_Blitz for a Free SQL Server Health Check".
• Redgate eBook And Print Book Store - Free E-Books about Microsoft SQL Server.
• Uwe Ricken, db Berater GmbH.
  • Blog SQL Server Intern ( - 2015-05-30 ).
  • Blog db Berater GmbH "SQL Server Blog" ( 2015-06-14 ).

• Webecs "What is the default password for the sa login?".

• Oracle Database.
  • The free Oracle Database 11g Express Edition for Windows x86 / x64, Linux x86 / x64. Though the Linux version is named “for Linux x64”, its download filename is “oracle-xe-11.2.0-1.0.x86_64.rpm.zip”.
  • Once there was a free “Oracle Database 10g Express Edition” for Windows, Linux → Oracle "Oracle Database Software Downloads" - “Previous Database Release Software. Oracle Database 10.2 and 11.1 are no longer available for download” ( 2014-12 ).
  • Oracle "Oracle Database XE".
    • “Oracle Database 11g Express Edition (Oracle Database XE) is an entry-level, small-footprint database based on the Oracle Database 11g Release 2 code base. It's free to develop, deploy, and distribute; fast to download; and simple to administer”.
    • Experts told me in 2018-06, that “Oracle 12 Express Edition (Oracle Database XE)” is expected soon.
  • Oracle - Downloads.
  • Oracle Database 11g Editions.
  • Oracle WCE Summer School - Free online on-demand webcasts ( 2010-07-07 - 2010-11-13 ).
  • Oracle "Oracle Learning Library" - “Oracle by Example (OBE)”, “Tutorials”.
  • Table / column / index names.
    • Oracle 11g and earlier: Table / column / index names are limited to 30 characters.
    • Oracle 12c: Table / column / index names may be 32K characters long.
• GitHub "Oracle".
  • Oracle Developers "Containers", GitHub "oracle/docker-images" - “Official source for Docker configurations, images, and examples of Dockerfiles for Oracle products and projects”.
• Blog Oracle, Mike Dietrich's Blog "Upgrade your Database - NOW! Ease your Oracle Database upgrades - Best Practices, Workshops, Projects".
  • Slides “Upgrade, Migrate & Consolidate to Oracle Database 12c”.
• I was told: Oracle 11.2.04 will be / is the latest and last database edition for Linux X86 ( = 32bit ) , there will be never a version 12.

• Oracle "Oracle Technology Network / Developer Tools / Application Express Overview".
• Oracle "Oracle Application Express 4.2 Downloads".

• Oracle Application Express ( APEX ) - “Oracle provides the apex.oracle.com service for demonstration purposes only. Storing of production or sensitive data is prohibited”.

• EN.Wikipedia "Oracle Application Express".
• EN.Wikipedia "Oracle Database", DE.Wikipedia "Oracle (Datenbanksystem)".

• See ERP 3/3 - SAP.

• The free “Sybase ASE Express Edition for Linux”.
  • Sybase "SyBooks Online".
    • SyBooks Online "Sybase Express Edition" - “You can configure up to 2GB of max memory. The total disk space is limited to 5GB”.
  • Sybase on Linux.
    • Sybase "ASE Express Edition for Linux" download request formular.
• The free Sybase "Adaptive Server Enterprise version 15.5 Developer's Edition" for Windows and Linux.
  • Sybase "Adaptive Server Enterprise Developer Edition".
• The free databases “Sybase ASE 11.9.2” and “Sybase ASE 11.0.3” for Linux.
  • Sybase "Adaptive Server Enterprise for Linux 11.9.2 Download" → No download anymore ( broken download links ).
  • Sybase "Adaptive Server Enterprise for Linux" → Sybase ASE 11.0.3.3 for Linux. No download anymore ( broken download links ).
• Sybase "SQL Anywhere Editions Overview: Mobile Enterprise, Database Management iAnywhere".

• IBM Sybase "jConnect for JDBC".
• www.sypron.nl - Sybase Tips & Tricks by Rob Verschoor.
  • www.sypron.nl - Sybase Tips & Tricks by Rob Verschoor "Where to get a free copy of Sybase ASE" - “The free versions of ASE 11.0.3 and 11.9.2 for Linux are no longer available from www.sybase.com”.
• Sybase ADDICT.
  • Sybase ADDICT - Sybase Downloads.
• EN.Wikipedia "Adaptive Server Enterprise".

• Vertica.
• Vertica "Download".
• Vertica Community Edition (CE) Free Trial
  • Store and analyze up to 1 TB of data for free with no time limit. Install Vertica CE on-premises, as a VM, on Apache Hadoop, or in your choice of clouds (AWS, Azure, Google).
  • Install Vertica CE on up to 3 nodes
  • Store and analyze up to 1 TB of structured and semi-structured data
  • Use Vertica for SQL on Apache Hadoop for data exploration as part of Vertica CE free trial
  • Enjoy no time limits or license requirements

• Experts told me, that “Exasol”'s most important commercial competitor is “Vertica” .
• EN.Wikipedia "Vertica", DE.Wikipedia "Vertica".

• The commercial FlagShip - “A Multi-Platform Database Development and Porting System, available for Linux, MS-Windows”, “A highly optimized 4GL language, syntactically compatible to other XBase dialects, like dBase, Clipper, Fox etc”.
  • The free “Free Personal FlagShip (release 4.48)” for Linux 2.4 kernel.
    • FlagShip Release 4.48 and Visual FlagShip 7.x.
    • Free Personal FlagShip, Registration.
• The OpenSource Kexi - "'MS Access for Linux' ... and Windows" for Linux and Windows.
  • Support for SQLite, MySQL, PostgreSQL.
  • EN.Wikipedia "Kexi", DE.Wikipedia "Kexi".

• Google Cloud "Cloud Spanner" - “Dienst für relationale Datenbanken ohne Kompromisse”.
• Spanner (database), DE.Wikipedia "Spanner (Datenbank)".
• Experts named “Google Cloud Spanner”

• Microsoft Azure - Cloud Computing Platform & Services.
• Microsoft Azure "SQL Database" - “The intelligent relational cloud database service”.

• Microsoft Azure "Get started with Storage Explorer (Preview)".
• Microsoft Azure "Configuring and Using the Storage Emulator with Visual Studio".
• Microsoft Azure "Use the Azure storage emulator for development and testing".

• Microsoft "Azure for Java developers".

• EN.Wikipedia "Microsoft Azure", DE.Wikipedia "Microsoft Azure".

• The commercial EN.Wikipedia "Microsoft Access", DE.Wikipedia "Microsoft Access".
  • Runtimes for Access 2003 and earlier are commercial products ( the distributor must pay a royalty ). Since Access 2007, the runtime is either free for download ( Access 2007, 2010, 2013 ) or might be even shipped with the installation media.
• The commercial “Microsoft Visual Studio LightSwitch”.
  • EN.Wikipedia "Microsoft Visual Studio", DE.Wikipedia "Microsoft Visual Studio".

• ApexSQL.
• Oracle Data Integrator ( EN.Wikipedia "Sunopsis" → Sunopsis Data Conductor ).
• redgate.
• microTOOL GmbH.
  • microTOOL case/4/0 - “A tool for software analysis and design, data modeling and data warehousing. It supports modeling the functions, data and behavior of an application system through the use of function structures, information flows, state diagrams, ER models, data structures, data elements, relational models, module structures and type structures”.
  • The free limited “case/4/0 Personal Edition”.

• Microsoft Download Center "Microsoft Data Access Components (MDAC) 2.8 SP1" - It contains core Data Access components such as the Microsoft SQL Server OLE DB provider and ODBC driver.
• Microsoft Download Center "64-Bit OLEDB Provider for ODBC (MSDASQL)".

• Experts told me in 2016-08: Once OLE-DB was popular, then ODBC, but now OLE-DB again...
• Microsoft Developer Network "Microsoft OLE DB Provider for ODBC".
• Microsoft TechNet "OLE DB Provider for Jet".
• Microsoft Developer Network "Microsoft OLE DB Provider for SQL Server".
• StackOverflow "what is the difference between OLE DB and ODBC data sources?".
• EN.Wikipedia "OLE DB provider".
• EN.Wikipedia "Open Database Connectivity" - “ODBC”.
• EN.Wikipedia "ADO.NET data provider"

• Experts told me, that “In-Memory OLTP” is not suitable for data acquisition, as all the data ( tables ) must be stored in RAM, so that a rising data volume requires more RAM.
• If a modern SQL server has enough RAM, the “only” permanent writing on the filesystem is the writing of SQL server logfiles ( “templog.ldf”) All other data is stored asynchronously.
• Speed factors for writing database data:
  • HDD = 100 ( for comparison ).
  • SDD = 500.
  • FusionIO = 5000.

• Microsoft MSDN Blog "SQL Database Engine Blog" - "In-Memory OLTP in Standard and Express editions, with SQL Server 2016 SP1", 2016.
• Experts told me, that with “In-Memory OLTP”, the Temp table is completeley stored in RAM.

• EN.Wikipedia "Memory-mapped file".
  • Microsoft Office does not make use of the “memory-mapped file” technology.
  • Windows Notepad makes use of the “memory-mapped file” technology.

• MSDN "SQL Server Integration Services".
  • Willfried Färber "Microsoft SQL Server Integration Services".
  • SQL-SSIS.de - “Deutschsprachiges Portal rund um das Thema Microsoft SQL Server Integration Services”.
• MSDN "Checkpoint".
• MSDN "SQL Server: Buffer Manager Object" → Buffer Manager's system process “Lazy Writer”.
• MSDN "Server Memory Server Configuration Options" - “Setting max server memory to the minimum value can severely reduce SQL Server performance and even prevent it from starting. If you cannot start SQL Server after changing this option, start it using the –f startup option and reset max server memory to its previous value”.
• Microsoft TechNet "Master Data Services".
• MSDN "Data Quality Services".
  • COMPUTERWOCHE "Microsoft kauft Zoomix für einen besseren SQL Server", 2008-07-15.
  • Vincent McBurney, Toolbox.com "Microsoft Acquires Zoomix, a Data Quality Golden Goose", 2008-07-15.
  • Archive.org "Zoomix".
• Blog Blog SQLAuthority.com - SQL Server Journey with SQL Authority Personal Notes of Pinal Dave.
  • SQLAuthority.com "SQL SERVER – Restore Sequence and Understanding NORECOVERY and RECOVERY", 2009-07-15.
• Blog "SQLpassion - We resolve SQL Server problems even before they occur!", Article "Improving SQL Server Performance by using Instant File Initialization" - “When you are creating a database file with 50 GB, SQL Server has to initialize in the first step that new block of data with 50 GB of zero values”.
• SQL Replication.
  • Book Microsoft SQL Server 2000 Replication.
  • Book David Winters "SQL Server 2000 Replication Handbook".

• An application which may dministre several mandators ( EN.Wikipedia "Multitenancy", EN.Wikipedia "Mandantenfähigkeit" ) can be implemented by:
  1. SQL “WHERE” clause ( W3Schools "SQL WHERE Clause" ). Example “SELECT * FROM Customers WHERE CustomerID=1;” .
  2. Oracle SQL server: Row-oriented access privileges .
  3. Different tables for each customer. An implementation in a application is safe, but complex and so costly.
• The usual column-oriented access privileges, as implemented with most SQL servers, are no help to build multitenancy .
• With PHP and MySQL, it is usual that the PHP application gets all requested data from the SQL server and implements any role-oriented access privileges by its business logic , e.g. by if-else ( W3Schools "PHP 5 if...else...elseif Statements" ) or switch ( W3Schools "PHP 5 switch Statement" ) statements .

• EN.Wikipedia "Stored procedure", DE.Wikipedia "Gespeicherte Prozedur".

• Apache Hadoop "Apache Avro".
• EN.Wikipedia "Apache Avro", DE.Wikipedia "Apache Avro".

• See on this page.
• See Web Technologies ( HTML5, HTML, XML & Javascript ) 3/5 - Javascript.

• EN.Wikipedia "Protocol Buffers", DE.Wikipedia "Protocol Buffers".

• openHPI - Hasso Plattner Institut "Datenmanagement mit SQL" ( 2013-04-08 - ).

• Felix Naumann.
  • Felix Naumann.
  • Uni Potsdam, Hasso-Plattner-Institut für Softwaresystemtechnik "Felix Naumann".
• Claudia Exeler.
• Maximilian Jenders.
• Thorsten Papenbrock.

• Vimeo "Datenmanagement mit SQL".

• Book Gunter Saake, Kai-Uwe Sattler, Andreas Heuer "Datenbanken - Konzepte und Sprachen".
• Book Hector Garcia-Molina, Jeffrey D. Ullman, Jennifer Widom: "Database Systems: The Complete Book".
  • The acompanying website "Hector Garcia-Molina, Jeffrey D. Ullman, Jennifer Widom: Database Systems: The Complete Book".
  • Pearson Education "Ullman" - Book resources.
• Book Alfons Kemper, André Eickler "Datenbanksysteme: Eine Einführung".
• Book Ramez A. Elmasri und Shamkant B. Navathe "Grundlagen von Datenbanksystemen".
• Book Gottfried Vossen "Datenmodelle, Datenbanksprachen und Datenbankmanagementsysteme".
• Book Don Chamberlin "DB2 Universal Database. Der unentbehrliche Begleiter".
• Book Raghu Ramakrishnan and Johannes Gehrke "Database Management Systems".
• Book Ling Liu, Tamer Özsu "Encyclopedia of Database Systems".
• Book Mana Takahashi und Shoko Azuma "The Manga Guide to Databases" → „Magical database fairy“.

• The free PDF ACM Digital Library, E.F. Codd „Relational database: a practical foundation for productivity“ ( Communications of the ACM CACM Homepage archive. Volume 25 Issue 2, Feb 1982, Pages 109-117 ).
• The free PDF ACM Digital Library "ACM SIGMOD Record Volume 7 Issue 2, 1975" → “SPARC/DMBS Interim Report”, a description of the ANSI/SPARC 3-tier architekture.
• The commercial PDF ACM Digital Library, Martin Campbell-Kelly "Victorian Data Processing" ( Communications of the ACM CACM Homepage archive. Volume 53 Issue 10, October 2010, Pages 19-21 ).
  • The downloadable PDF Martin Campbell-Kelly "Victorian Data Processing".
• The free PDF ]Hasso Plattner Instititut "RDBMS Genealogy. The HPI Genealogy of Relational Database Management Systems".

• Peter Chen "The Entity-Relationship Model – Toward a Unified View of Data" ( ACM Transactions on Database Systems 1(1) 1976 ).
• Edgar F. Codd "A Relational Model of Data for Large Shared Data Banks" ( Communications of the ACM (1970) ).

• Book Ramez A. Elmasri und Shamkant B. Navathe "Grundlagen von Datenbanksystemen" - With a special chapter about the “Enhanced ER Model” (EER), which is an extension of the ER model by different constructs like union and type inheritance.
• Book Chris J. Date "The Database Relational Model: A Retrospective Review and Analysis: A Retrospective Review and Analysis : a Historical Account and Assessment of E.F. ... to the Field of Database Technology".
• Book Toby Segaran, Jeff Hammerbacher "Beautiful Data - The Stories Behind Elegant Data Solutions".

• Apache Friends "XAMPP" for Windows.
• MySQL.
• Toad's World MySQL Community.
  • The free “Toad Data Modeler” for Windows.
  • The free “Toad for MySQL” for Windows.
• MySQL Workbench, Community (OSS) Edition for WinXP and .NET 3.5.
• Eclipse IDE for Java Developers.
• MySQL "Connector/J".

• Datenbanken, Data Warehouse & Business Intelligence verstehen!
  • Datenbanken, Data Warehouse & Business Intelligence verstehen! "Datenbank, Data Warehouse & BI Lexikon".
• Technische Universität Dortmund "Datenbanken und SQL - Glossar".
• IBM "Database fundamentals > SQL > Queries - DB2 Version 10.1 for Linux, UNIX, and Windows" → Table “In the following example, the values of tables R1 and R2 are shown on the left. The other headings listed show the values as a result of various set operations on R1 and R2”.

• Artful Software Development - Peter Brawley and Arthur Fuller "Get It Done With MySQL 5&6".
• The free online HTML book Sascha Kersken "IT-Handbuch für Fachinformatiker", chapter "12.3 SQL-Abfragen".
• Lernen^2 - SQL lernen.
  • Lernen^2 - SQL lernen "SQL Tutorial als PDF".
• Microsoft Blog "Free ebooks: Great content from Microsoft Press that won’t cost you a penny".
• Freebookcentre "Database Systems Books > Sql Books".
• TecChannel-Premium "Online-Ausgaben von Galileo Press in TecChannel-Premium. Kostenloses Online-eBook im Wert von 24,90 Euro - Einstieg in SQL - Free PDF book just for commercial subscribers of TechChannel-Premium.
• EN.Wikipedia "Comparison of relational database management systems".

• Stanford University, Class2Go, db-class.org".
  • Stanford University "Introduction to Databases" ( 2013-01-15 - 2013-03-24 ).
  • Jennifer Widom.
    • Marianne Winslett "Jennifer Widom Speaks Out on Luck, What Constitutes Success, When to Get Out of an Area, the Importance of Choosing the Right Husband, Outlandish Vacations, How Hard It Is to Be an Assistant Professor, and More" ( PDF ) .
    • In the online course videos, Jennifer is using the commercial SQL query tool Nucleon Software "Database Master" .
  • Facebook "Garrett Schlesinger".
  • Twitter "Garrett Schlesinger".
  • reddit "dbclass2013", 2013.
  • YouTube Channel "Stanford Dbclass", 2013.

• Facebook "Dbclass (Stanford Engineering)", 2011.
• Twitter "DB-Class", #dbclass, 2011.

• Book Jeffrey D. Ullman, Jennifer Widom: "A First Course in Database Systems".
  • The acompanying website "Jeff Ullman, Jennifer Widom: First Course in Database Systems".
  • Pearson Education "Ullman" - Book resources.
• Book Hector Garcia-Molina, Jeffrey D. Ullman, Jennifer Widom: "Database Systems: The Complete Book".
  • The acompanying website "Hector Garcia-Molina, Jeffrey D. Ullman, Jennifer Widom: Database Systems: The Complete Book".
  • Pearson Education "Ullman" - Book resources.
• Gradiance.
  • “Gradiance provides self-study class services for the following books. Please use the class tokens indicated next to each book in order to access the self-study materials associated with that book”.
  • “Tokens for Self-study Classes” → “A First Course in Database Systems by Ullman and Widom”, self-study class token: GUW00001.
• Book Raghu Ramakrishnan, Johannes Gehrke: "Database Management Systems".
• Book Ramez Elmasri, Shamkrant Navathe: "Fundamentals of Database Systems".
• Book Abraham Silberschatz, Henry F. Korth, S. Sudarshan: "Database System Concepts".

• The OpenSource The XML C parser and toolkit of Gnome. Validation & DTDs.
  • Igor Zlatkovic "libxml" for Windows. On W2k, you need the Windows DLL “iconv.dll” additionally.
• The free online service W3C Markup Validation Service. Check the markup (HTML, XHTML, …) of Web documents for DTDs.
• The free online service XML for ASP.NET Schema Validator for XML Schema..

• Saxon, SourceForge "Saxon", SourceForge "Saxon" -“The XSLT and XQuery Processor”.
• The user interface SourceForge "Kernow", SourceForge "Kernow" for Windows - “Makes it faster and easier to repeatedly run XSLT, XQuery and XML Schema”.

• Microsoft "XML Diff & Patch GUI Tool" for W2k, WinXP with .NET Framework 1.1 or higher - “A Winforms application that can be used to compare 2 XML files”.
  • DZone "Blast from the Past - 'The XML Diff and Patch GUI Tool'".
• SourceForge "diffxml", SourceForge "diffxml" - “diffxml & patchxml: Tools for comparing and patching XML files”.

• The OpenSource CodePlex "JSON Viewer" for Windows.
• The OpenSource Eclipse plugin SourceForge "Eclipse Json Editor Plugin", SourceForge "Eclipse Json Editor Plugin".
• The OpenSource Notepad++ for Windows, with the xmltools and Json plugins.
  • SourceForge "Notepad++ Plugins", SourceForge "Notepad++ Plugins" → Notepad++ plugin “XML Tools” for Windows.
  • The OpenSource SourceForge "JSONViewer Notepad++ plugin", SourceForge "JSONViewer Notepad++ plugin" → Notepad++ plugin “JSON Viewer” for WinXP.
    • “JSONViewer Notepad++ plugin” 1.5 is the latest edition for W2k.

• The free online service JSON Formatter & Validator.
• The free online service JSON Schema Generator.

• json-schema.org - The home of JSON Schema.
  • json-schema.org - The home of JSON Schema "Software" - “Implementations”.
• Codemancers "An Introduction to JSON Schema".

• SQLite.
  • Documentation:
    • Command Line Shell For SQLite.
    • SQL As Understood By SQLite 1/2.
    • SQL As Understood By SQLite 2/2.
    • SQL As Understood By SQLite "SELECT".
    • SQLite Frequently Asked Questions.
    • Stack Overflow "sqlite select where empty?".
    • SourceForge "Soup To Nuts - Repository of Open Source Articles and Example Code", Article "SQLite Tutorial".
    • Stack Overflow "basic recursive query on sqlite3?" - “SQLite doesn't support recursive CTEs (or CTEs at all for that matter), there is no WITH in SQLite” .
• MySQL.
  • mysql Commands.
  • Stack Overflow "how to work with recursive query in MySql?".
    • “MySQL does not support recursive queries”.
    • “Functions and Procedures can be called recursively. If you need recursion wrap your logic in a stored procedure”.
    • “The WITH RECURSIVE statement/method is applicable in PostgreSQL and Sybase”.
    • Get It Done With MySQL 5&6 "Trees and Other Hierarchies in MySQL".
  • The Donationware SQL online service SQL Fiddle with DLL editor window and SQL query window, based on MySQL.
• PostgreSQL, EnterpriseDB - The Enterprise PostgreSQL Company.
  • Wiki PostgreSQL Wiki.
  • PostgreSQL Documentation.
    • PostgreSQL Documentation "9.15. JSON Functions and Operators" .

• Jun Yang.
  • RA: A Relational Algebra Interpreter, Github "junyang / RA", a Java application.
• Prof. Holowczak, Zicklin School of Business - Baruch College, City University of New York - Database Management Systems "Relational Algebra".

• William Kent "A Simple Guide to Five Normal Forms in Relational Database Theory".
• Mike Blyth "Multivalued Dependencies and 4th Normal Form (4NF)".
• Scribd, Michael Salazar "Functional Dependencies", 73 pages .
• University of Rochester "Multivalued Dependencies Fourth Normal Form. Reasoning About FD’s + MVD’s" ( PDF ).

• Code Project.
  • Code Project "SQL Joins".
  • Code Project "SQL Joins".
  • Code Project "Visual Representation of SQL Joins".
• Coding Horror "A Visual Explanation of SQL Joins".
• Torsten Horn "Einfache Beispiele für SQL-Kommandos" - ”'COUNT(*)' zählt die Zahl der Zeilen, die die Bedingung erfüllen”.
• IKeyData SQL-Tutorial.
  • IKeyData SQL-Tutorial "SQL INTERSECT".
• Microsoft MSDN "FOREIGN KEY Constraints".
• Office Forum ( office-loesung.de ) "SQL Unterabfragen Not In, Not Exists".
• SQL-und-XML "JOIN - Normalisierte Tabellen für eine Abfrage wieder zusammenfassen".
• Stack Overflow "DTD when element order does not matter".
• Stack Overflow "When to prefer JSON over XML?".
• TECH on the Net "SQL: HAVING Clause".
• W3C "XSL Transformations (XSLT)".
• w3resource - Web development tutorials.
• W3Schools "SQL UNION Operator".
• W3Schools "XPath Tutorial".
• W3Schools "XQuery Tutorial".
• EN.Wikipedia "Document Type Definition", DE.Wikipedia "Dokumenttypdefinition".
• EN.Wikipedia "Isolation (database systems)", DE.Wikipedia "Isolation (Datenbank)" - “Read Uncommitted”, “Read Committed”, “Serializable”.
• EN.Wikipedia "JSON", DE.Wikipedia "JavaScript Object Notation".

• The Firefox add-on Mozilla Add-ons for Firefox "Brian Slesinsky: XPath Checker 0.4.4. An interactive editor for XPath expressions".
• Mozilla Add-ons for Firefox "Joe Hewitt, Jan Odvarko, robcee, FirebugWorkingGroup: Firebug" - “integrates with Firefox to put a wealth of development tools at your fingertips while you browse. You can edit, debug, and monitor CSS, HTML, and JavaScript live in any web page...”.

• Google Chrome Web Store "Adam Sadovsky: XPath Helper".

• W3Schools "XPath Tutorial".
• W3C "XML Path Language (XPath)".
• EN.Wikipedia "XPath", DE.Wikipedia "XPath".
• ZVON.org - the information plunger "XPath 1.0 Tutorial".

• Joe Celko.
  • Texas Enterprise "Joe Celko".
  • simple-talk. Data, Dev, Admin, Chop Suey "Joe Celko".
  • Book Joe Celko: "Joe Celko's SQL for Smarties: Advanced SQL Programming (The Morgan Kaufmann Series in Data Management Systems)", 2012.
  • Book Joe Celko: "Joe Celko's Thinking in Sets: Auxiliary, Temporal, and Virtual Tables in SQL (Morgan Kaufmann Series in Data Management Systems)", 2008.
  • Book Joe Celko: "Joe Celko's SQL Programming Style", 2005.
  • Book Joe Celko: "Instant SQL programming", 1995.
  • EN.Wikipedia "Joe Celko", DE.Wikipedia "Joe Celko".

• database pro, Germany.
• SQL Server Magazine.

• Database of Databases - “Discover and learn about 827 database management systems”.
• DB-Engines Ranking - popularity ranking of database management systems.
• benchANT - Cloud Database Benchmarking as a service - I learned about the company by it's HannoverFair 2022 speech on the “Industrie4.0” forum.
  • benchANT - Cloud Database Benchmarking as a service "benchANTs Database Ranking (2022)".

• Experts told me in 2022-06, about database performance, and database performance on hosts:
  • Dabases:
    • Couchbase & Cassandara can be scaled .
    • MongoDB, though so popular, is slow, and can´t be scaled .
    • MariaDB / MySQL, though so popular, are slow and can´t be scaled too .
  • Hosts:
    • IONOS/1&1 is not ok .

• ”%” is the “*”wildcard character of SQL, while “_” the ”?” single wildcard of SQL .
• Dev Shed.
  • Dev Shed "MySQL Tutorials".
  • Dev Shed "Oracle Tutorials".
• Timo Hempel.
  • Timo Hempel "Normalisierung von Datenbanken" #.
• The online tutorial Richard Holowczak "Microsoft Access Tutorial".
• LinkedIn "Informix - IIUG supported user group".
• IKeyData SQL-Tutorial.
• Sean McCown, Jennifer McCown.
  • Blog InfoWorld "Sean McCown's blog - Database Underground".
  • MidnightDBA.
  • ITBookworm.
• Blog Brad M. McGehee, Director of DBA Education, Red Gate Software "SQL Aloha".
• NOSQL Databases - “Your Ultimate Guide to the Non - Relational Universe”.
• Oracle Summerschool.
• The Oracle FAQ - “This is NOT an official Oracle Support site, but rather a get-together of people with jobs in Oracle”.
• Pointbase ( DE.Wikipedia "PointBase Micro", EN.Wikipedia "DataMirror", IBM Support Portal - PointBase Embedded ).
  • A limited edition of “Pointbase” is shipped with the legacy “Forte 4.1” ( EN.Wikipedia "Sun Studio (software)" ).
• Ayende Rahien "25 Reasons Not To Write Your Own Object Relational Mapper" #.
• SAS.
  • SAS Academic Club.
  • SAS "Aufgezeichnete Web-Seminare".
  • Better Management "Webcast Overview".
• SearchSQLServer - “Covering today's SQL Server topics”.
• SearchStorage-de.
  • The free PDF book SearchStorage.de "Data De-duplication für Dummies".
• SitePoint "Top 10 MySQL Mistakes Made By PHP Developers".
• SQLblog.com - “THE SQL Server Blog Spot on the Web”.
• Blog SQL Fool.
• Blog SQL Rockstar / SQL Batman.
• SQLDocu - Documentation of SQL - SQL tutorial in German language.
• SQL-und-XML.
• Blog SQL Server Virtualization - “Welcome to the PASS Virtualization Virtual Chapter”.
• SQLServerPedia.
• Erack Network - Tizag Tutorials "SQL Tutorial".
• W3Schools "SQL Tutorial".
• w3resource - Web development tutorials.
• Whirlpool Forums, Thread "sql list all tables" → Code for MySQL, Oracle, Postgres, MSSQL, DB2.
• EN.Wikipedia "Multiversion concurrency control", DE.Wikipedia "Multiversion Concurrency Control" ( MVCC ).
  • PostgreSQL Wiki "MVCC".
• EN.Wikipedia "ACID", DE.Wikipedia "ACID" ( (Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Durability ).
• EN.Wikipedia "Data stream management system", DE.Wikipedia "Data Stream Management System".

• DBMonster (Advenet LLC) - “An online community for database developers and administrators”.
• dbTools Software Forum.
• db4o Developer Community - Forums.
• EnterpriseDB - The Enterprise PostgreSQL Company "Postgres Plus Forums: The PostgreSQL Open Source Database from EnterpriseDB".
• Facebook "Professional Association for SQL Server (PASS)".
• Google.
  • Google Groups "comp.databases.*".
  • Google Groups "sybase.public.ase.*", Google Groups "sybase.public.ase.linux".
• IDERA Community.
• Informix Software. The Informix Zone.
• Java Ranch - a friendly place for Java greenhorns!.
  • Java Ranch - Java Forums at the Big Moose Saloon ( coderanch.com ).
    • Java Ranch - Java Forums at the Big Moose Saloon "Databases".
• Meetup "orclapex Bielefeld" - “Dieses Meetup ist für alle APEX Interessierten und solche die es noch werden wollen gedacht. Wir tauschen uns über alles im APEX Bereich aus, APEX 5.0, die ersten Schritte in APEX, die raffiniertesten Programmierung und Tricks”.
• MySQLDumper-Board Forum.
• Oracle.
  • Blogs Oracle Blogs.
  • Blog SQLMaria by Maria Colgan, Oracle.
• OraFAQ Forum.
• Quest Software - Quest Communities.
• SharpDevelop Community Forums.
• Simple-Talk - A technical journal and community hub from Red Gate, Forum.
• SOPERA - Open Source SOA, Forum.
• SourceForge "Adminer - Database management in single PHP file" Forum.
• SQLite Expert Forum.
• SQLiteStudio support forum.
• SQL Server Magazine Forums.
• SQL Server Central.
• Stack Overflow - Tagged Questions "[sql]", Stack Overflow - Tagged Questions "[nosql]", Stack Overflow - Tagged Questions "[xmll]"
• Stanford's database course:
  • Stanford University - Introduction to Databases, Forum "Winter 2013", Piazza "Stanford University - Introduction to Databases ( Winter 2013 )".
    • Piazza - Features.
  • Google+ Group "Intro2DB GMT+2 study group".
  • Google+ Group Event "Weekend Database Study Group (Week 2)".
  • freenode webchat - IRC channel ”#stanford-databases”.
    • Enter “stanford-databases” as webchat channel name.
    • wikiHow "How to Register a User Name on Freenode".
      • Please follow these instructions #.
      • Each time you connect, you should sign in, or “identify” yourself, using the following command: ”/msg nickserv identify your_account your_password”.
    • freenode "Using the Network".
• System.Data.SQLite Forums.
• talendforge - Talend community forum.
• TOADSoft.com "TOAD Mailing Lists / Yahoo Groups".
• Versant Developer Community.
• Vertica Forum.
• Yahoo:
  • Yahoo Groups "The Database Template Library".
  • Yahoo Groups "PetersXMLeditor".

• OpenDirectory "Top: Computers: Software: Databases".
• OpenDirectory "Top: World: Deutsch: Computer: Software: Datenbanken".
• OpenDirectory "Top: Computers: Data Formats: Markup Languages: XML: Tools: Editors"