[hemmerling] Computer / PC Hardware - PC Technical Support

Related pages:

• Data Storage on CD, DVD, Blu-Ray, Harddisk, Floppy Disk, Zip Disk, Memory Cards, Memory Sticks, Tape....
• Desktop PC - Requirements and Market Research.
• Input Devices ( Keyboard, Mouse, Joystick, Scanner,.. ).
• Network Tools 2/2 - Communications Hardware, Communication Applications & Drivers.
• Notebooks.
• PCs with 4 Floppy Disk Drives.
• Software.
• The Desktop Computer "Lenovo ThinkCentre 58p".

• Does the computer device have a reset button ?
• Desktop PC:
  • Does the chassis have a reset button ?
  • Does the power supply have an on/off switch to switch off the power physically ?

• The current commercial Andreas Goetz "CPU Idle" for WIN95/98 and W2K.
  • The legacy editon “CPU Idle 3.01” for Win98SE is the latest free unlimited edition.
• Wolfgang Kohnke "coolingsoftware.de", Wolfgang Kohnke "coolingsoftware.de" - “Informationen und Programme rund um die Kühlung, Steuerung und Überwachung Ihrer CPU!” → Download of “CpuIdle 3.01”.

• See Data Storage on CD, DVD, Blu-Ray, Harddisk, Floppy Disk, Zip Disk, Memory Cards, Memory Sticks, Tape....

• NVIDIA Corporation, NVIDIA GmbH.
  • NVIDIA Corporation - Support.
    • NVIDIA Corporation - NVIDIA Driver Downloads.
    • NVIDIA "Offizielle GeForce-Treiber" - No drivers for notebooks and legacy hardware
    • NVIDIA GmbH - Windows XP/2000: Treiberarchiv.
    • EN.Wikipedia "Nvidia System Tools".
• AMD "AMD Grafiklösungen für Desktop PCs" ( formerly: ATI ).

• MSI, MSI Deutschland.

• My former graphics card “ATI Ultra Graphics Pro (MACH32)”, FCC ID: GRANTEE_CODE = EXM, PRODUCT_CODE = 195.

• My graphics card “ELSA Erazor III Pro Video Retail”, is equipped with the chipset NVIDIA “TNT2Pro” and the video i/o chipset Brooktree “BT 869”.
  • Conexant Systems, Inc..
    • Archive.org "Conexant BT868/869".
• My graphics card “MSI G4MX440-VTP / MS-8866” of MSI is equipped with the chipset NVIDIA “G4MX440” and the video i/o chipset Philips “SAA 7108E”.

• My graphics “ATI Radeon HD 3470”.
  • GPUZoo "ATI / Radeon HD 3470" ⇒ “Shader model: 4.1”, not suitable for CORE games engine of 2022-08.

• VBEMP 9x Project. Universal VESA/VBE Video Display Driver (for Windows 9x Architecture) #.
• The Shareware “SciTech Display Doctor”, a VESA graphics driver for PC graphics cards both for MSDOS programs and for Win95, Win98.
  • Up to version 5.3 inclusively, an expiring shareware version can be turned into a full version by entering a registration key! With version 5.3a, this policy was discontinued.
  • Archive.org "SciTech Display Doctor 6.53 (Classic Edition)" ( - 2008-07-25 ), Archive.org "SciTech Display Doctor" ( - 2002-02-01 ).

• The free Video Live tools for Windows support the SAA 7108E chipset!
• The discontinued video-in drivers for the graphics card “Elsa Erazor III Pro Video” by Archive.org "Media Tools" ( - 2006-09-23 ).
  • The free “pViewer” for Win98.
  • The Sharware “pViewer Pro” for W2k,XP.
• The discontinued Shareware Archive.org "TVTool" for Windows by JB
  • The tool “TVTool” enables video-out for graphics card with Bt868/Bt869 chipset, e.g. my Erazor III Pro Video Retail graphics card. “TVTool 4.61” is the latest uncrippled freeware version.
  • The tool “TVCC” enables video-out for graphics cards with Chrontel chipset ( e.g. ASUS graphics cards ). No more Macrovision copy-protection !
• Once there was “DeskTV” - A free overlay software for many graphics cards with video input and VfW drivers ( ELSA Victory Erazor, graphics cards with BT848chipset. Autor: Archive.org "Michael Tirtasana".
• The Shareware “UniRefresh 1.43” for MSDOS by Rob Muller - A universal MSDOS refresh rate utility using VESA VBE 3.0.
  • CNET "UniRefresh 1.43".
  • Archive.org "Rob Muller 'UniRefresh'".

• The PCI card PEARL Agency "c-enter USB2.0 Controller 4+1 Port".
• USB A-male ⇔ A-male cable.
  • reichelt elektronik GmbH & Co. KG - Search for "usb kabel männlich männlich" - “USB 2.0 Kabel, A Stecker auf A Stecker”.
• TheGuardian "EU deal will force iPhones to use USB-C charger by 2024", 2022-06-07.
• EN.Wikipedia "USB", DE.Wikipedia "USB".
• EN.Wikipedia "USB hardware".

• Vision Systems GmbH.
  • “4COM” - Legacy ISA-BUS I/O card, with 4 x RS232 ( FIFO buffered ), 2 x parallel bidirectional ports, freely configurable interrupts. Date of production & documentation: 1992-12-12.
• Digi International Inc. "Edgeport. USB-to-serial converters" - “Add 1, 2, 4, 8, or 16 serial ports to a PC”, “RS-232, RS-422, or RS-485 serial ports (software selectable)”.
• 2direct GmbH - LogiLink.
  • 2direct GmbH "USB 2.0 to Serial Adapter LogiLink".
  • 2direct GmbH "USB 2.0 to Serial Adapter, 9+25 Pin LogiLink".
  • Amazon.DE "LogiLink Adapter USB 2.0 to Seriell 9+25 Pin".

• X00 version 1.50 - Fossil driver for MSDOS.
  • EN.Wikipedia "X00".
  • Archive.org "Functions reference manual for the X00 developer. Copyright (c) 1990 by Raymond L. Gwinn".
  • SysopWorld. Home of "The Official BBS FAQ", chapter "6.09 - FOSSIL DRIVERS".
  • I don´t know any download location.
• The free Scandinavian Digital Systems AB ,digsys.se "ADF v1.50 serial port FOSSIL driver".
• Wolfgang Westermann “NTFOSS”.
  • Archive.org "NTFOSS Home Page. NTFOSS THE virtual Windows NT FOSSIL driver".
  • Gerhard Wiesinger "ntf101.zip".
• StarTech "1 Port PCI Parallel Adapter Card" - “The adapter card supports EPP, ECP, SPP and BPP parallel communications, and is simple to install in virtually any PC. The card supports Windows Vista, XP, ME, 2000, 98, 95, NT4, DOS and Linux, plus IRQ sharing and plug and play capabilities guarantee convenient, hassle-free connections to any parallel peripheral”.
• StarTech "2 Port PCI Express / PCI-e Parallel Adapter Card – IEEE 1284 with Low Profile Bracket".

• See Input Devices ( Keyboard, Mouse, Joystick, Scanner... ).

• My 15” “Belinea 10 50 35” tube monitor, native resolution 1024×768 at 75 Hz, of 1998.
• My former 17” “MAG MX17S” tube monitor, 1024×768 by Archive.org "MAG Innovision".
  • EN.Wikipedia "MAG Innovision".
• My 19” “Maxdata Belinea 106065” tube monitor, native resolution 1600×1200 at 75 Hz.

• My 17” Hansol Monitor H711, LCD monitor, 1280×1024.
• My 20” “Philips 200P3M” LCD monitor, 1600×1200.
• My 21.6” “ASUS VW220D”, Native Resolution 1680×1050, of 2008.
• My 24” “BenQ GL 2460 B”, 1920×1080 Full HD, of 2017.

• eBeam GbR Huber & Schulte.
• LUMIBEE HD with LED lamp.

• 5000 Kelvin is the usual color temperature for print management.
• 6500 Kelvin is the usual color temperature for video management.
• Ideal Gamma value: 1.8.
• My 20” Philips 200P3M monitor just supports
  • Original Panel Color.
  • 9300 Kelvin for CAD / CAM.
  • 6500 Kelvin for image management.

• ZOTAC - Mini PCs and GeForce GTX Gaming Graphics Cards”.
  • ZOTAC "MAGNUS EN1070K with Windows 10" - Used by the online gaming providers “Gaijin” at public marketing events for free playing of their online games, in 2017.

• TUXEDO Computers - “Notebooks, Computer, Laptops PCs und Hardware mit Linux Unterstützung”.

• ESM-Computer GmbH "Lenovo Thinkcentre M82 Pentium G860 3,0 GHz 4 GB ".

• IBM x3500 M4, a standalone PC ideal for the office.
  • IBM Germany "IBM System x3500 M4".
  • Idealo "IBM System x3500 M4 7383 (7383E4G)".
• Intel i7-4790K QuadCore, 32GB RAM PC1600, 2000GB HDD, 250GB SSD, BluRay-Brenner Front-USB 3.0, Cardreader, Asus Z97M-Plus, (Hydra-Case) with ASUS Z97M-PLUS motherboard and Intel Core i7-4790K Processor, without operating system ( by IT Datentechnik ).
• Intel i7 4790K QuadCore, 32GB RAM PC1600, 250GB SSD, 3000GB HDD, BluRay-Brenner Front-USB 3.0 Cardreader, Asus Z97M-Plus, 600W 80+ Silber PSU, Coolermaster Silencio 550 (gedämmt) with ASUS Z97M-PLUS motherboard and Intel Core i7-4790K Processor, without operating system.
• CSL Speed 4731W8P inkl. Windows 8 Pro - Intel Core i7-4790K 4x 4000MHz, 32GB RAM, 120GB SSD, 2000GB HDD, GeForce GTX660, DVD, USB 3.0 with Win8Pro.
• Lenovo Erazer X510 Desktop-PC (Intel Core i7-4770K, 3,9 GHz, 32GB RAM, 4 TB + 8GB SSHD, AMD Radeon R9 290/4G, Blu-Ray Player, Win 8.1) schwarz - without operating system.
• Dell 8700-2439 XPS Desktop-PC (Intel core i7 4790, 3,5GHz, 32GB RAM, 3TB HDD, 2GB AMD R9 270, DVD, Win 8) schwarz without operating system.

• Shuttle "Slim PC/ DS81", Shuttle Europe "Shuttle Barebone DS81" with 2x COM, 2 x Ethernet.

• Dell Latitude - legacy models with floppy disk drive, serial COM1 interface.
  • EN.Wikipedia "Dell Latitude".
• Fujitsu Siemens CELSIUS - with floppy disk drive ( just legacy models ? ), serial COM1 interface.
• Fujitsu LIFEBOOK E, shipped with a serial port. Port replicating “Docking Station” with serial COM1 and parallel printer interface available .
• Hewlett Packard ProBooks.
  • HP Store → “Geschäftskunden” .
    • HP Store Deutschland - HP ProBook Notebook-PC.
      • HP ProBook 6560b - Port replicating “Docking Station” with serial COM1 and parallel printer interface available . 15.6” display → “6560b”, Firewire. 1600 x 900 graphics resulution.
      • HP ProBook 6475b - Port replicating “Docking Station” with serial COM1 and parallel printer interface available . 14” display → “6475b”, Firewire. There are models with either 1.366 x 768 or 1600 x 900 graphics resulution ?!
      • HP ProBook 6570b” - Port replicating Docking station available . !5.6” display → “6570b”. 1.366 x 768 graphics resulution .
      • HP ProBook 4740s - Just USB docking station . 17.3” display → “4740x”, 1600 x900 graphics resultion.
    • HP Store Deutschland - Docking Stations.
• Samsung P55 LXD T7250 - the extra docking station “Samsung X DOCK II DOCKING STATION” has a serial COM1 and parallel printer interface.
• IBM Lenovo T-Series - the extra docking station “ThinkPad Advanced Mini Dock” ( but not the “ThinkPad Essential Port Replicator” ) has a serial COM1 and parallel printer interface.
  • lenovo Docks & Port Replicators.

• See Remote Access Tools for Computers & Network Clients, section “VNC, UltraVNC, Intel vPro/AMT”.

• The budget offer IBM "IBM PowerLinux 7R2 server. High-performance, energy-efficient server for Linux".
• EN.Wikipedia "PowerLinux".

• Industrial Computer Source (Deutschland) GmbH.
  • Industrial Computer Source (Deutschland) GmbH "Nuvo-7501 Box PC", but with DVI video output, instead of HDMI video output .

• GETAC - Rugged Computing Solutions.

• ZDNet "Canonical's cloud-in-a-box: The Ubuntu Orange Box", 2014 - “Canonical had an unexpected hit at OpenStack Summit: It's an Intel-powered, cloud-in-a-box”.

• Lerncomputer Test 2020 - Besten 7 im Vergleich.

• Legacy devices either as interface jacks on board, or even as true interface jacks at the computer's backfront:
  • Floppy disk.
  • IDE.
  • Serial COM1, COM2.
  • Printer.

• AMD.
  • AMD "AMD 760G Chipset. The AMD 760G Chipset with ATI Radeon 3000 Graphics - “Work on a PC that’s backwards compatible with many of the systems your business already has” → With interfaces for classical “parallel ATA” devices.
  • EN.Wikipedia "Comparison of AMD chipsets" - Section Southbridges”, tables “AMD-xxx” and “A-Link Express” with column “Parallel ATA” → With interfaces for classical “parallel ATA” devices.
• ASUS.
  • ASUSTeK Computer Inc..
    • ASUSTeK Computer Inc. "Motherboards".
  • ASRock Inc.
  • Look for “Premium Boards” of ASUS → extra equipment, legacy support.
• Foxconn
• GIGABYTE TECHNOLOGY CO., LTD., G.B.T. Technology Trading GmbH.
• Intel NUC boards.
  • EN.Wikipedia "Next Unit of Computing".
• MSI Technology GmbH.
• Supermicro.

• Alptech Elektronik GmbH "Industrie Mainboard ISA - PCI" → Socket 775 CPUs, ISA slots, IDE interface.
• ICO Innovative Computer GmbH - “Industriemainboards” → Socket 775 CPUs, ISA slots, IDE interface.
• NIXSYS, Inc. "ISA Slot Computers".

• PC Engines GmbH.
  • PC Engines GmbH "ALIX system boards" - Be shure to select a board with VGA interface .
  • Vendor VARIA System GmbH.
  • Vendor Tronico.net, Inh. Dennis Nikodem.

• My AT/486 green motherboard “QDI V4P895P3/SMT Vers. 4.0 (4+2)” by Archive.org "QDI" ( - 2010-06-12, today: Ramaxel Technology (Shenzhen) Co, Ltd ).
• My motherboard ASUS PCI/I-486SP3G.
• My PCI motherboard “Asus A7V33” with Athlon “XP2100” CPU.
  • C-Media Electronics, Inc. - Download Center / Product Download - Driver.
  • Forum "Treiber.de", Thread "C-Media CMI8738/C3DX Windows 7 Treiber".
  • CNET "CMI8738/C3DX PCI Audio Device" - Version 5.12.01.0639 for W2k, WinXP and Win7 .
• My PCI motherboard GIGABYTE GA-6BXC, with Intel 440BX chipset, 4 x PCI slots, 3 x ISA slots, 1 x AGP slot, 3 x SIMM sockets, equipped with a Pentium III CPU, 550 Mhz.

• Battery “CR 2032”, accu “LIR 2032”.
  • Computers clocks of PC motherboards and other devices need batteries “CR 2032”, not accus “LIR 2032”.
  • Do not confuse with batteries of the same size and numbers!
  • EN.Wikipedia "Button cell", DE.Wikipedia "Knopfzelle".

• Pollin - USB interfaces:
  • #720 382 - “Slotblech mit 2 x USB-A-Buchsen auf 8-poligen Pfostenstecker”.
  • #720 169 - “Slotblech mit 2xUSB-A-Buchsen auf 5polige Pfostenstecker”.

• See Network Tools 2/2 - Communications Hardware, Communication Applications & Drivers.

• See Virtual Reality & Graphics.

• My Hewlett Packard Laserjet IIIP.
• My Hewlett Packard Laserjet 4P.

• Brother.DE "Laser-Multifunktionsdrucker" - “Hochqualitative Farb- bzw. S/W-Ausdrucke, mit der zusätzlichen Möglichkeit zu scannen, zu kopieren und zu faxen”.
  • Brother.DE "MFC-L2710DW".
    • “Kompaktes 4-in-1 S/W-Multifunktionsgerät mit Duplexdruck und LAN/WLAN”.
  • Brother.DE "MFC-L2730DW".
    • “Kompaktes 4-in-1 S/W-Multifunktionsgerät mit Duplexdruck und LAN/WLAN”.
    • “BR-Script3 (PostScript 3 Emulation), PCL 6”.
• “Samsung Xpress SL-M2070”
  • No Duplex option .
  • Samsung Xpress SL-M2070/XEC Laser Multifunktionsgerät (Drucken, scannen, kopieren).
  • HP Customer Support - Software and Driver Downloads "Software and drivers for Samsung Xpress SL-M2070 Laser Multifunction Printer series".
  • Bedienungsanleitung-Deutsch "Samsung Xpress M2070 Bedienungsanleitung / Handbuch Download PDF".
• Netzvergleiche "Laser-Multifunktionsdrucker Vergleich. Die 7 besten Multifunktionslaserdrucker im Vergleich 2020".

• HP Support Center "HP Universal Print Driver for Windows PCL5 (32-bit)".
• HP Support Center "HP Universal Print Driver for Windows PCL5 (64-bit)".

• Cartridge World Hannover.

• Amazon.DE "HP 92275A TONER bis zu 3.500 Seiten für LaserJet IIP / IIIP / IIP Plus".
• Amazon.DE "Kores Tonerkartuschen für Modell Laserjet 4L, 4ML, 4P, 4MP, 3350 Seiten, schwarz".

• Tutorial Karos-Toner - Tinte, Toner und Computerzubehör "Toner - Nachfüllung Kartusche HP LaserJet".
• Blog "HP LaserJet 1010 on Windows 10" Blog.
  • "HP LaserJet 1010 on Windows 10" Blog, Article "Instructions to install drivers for HP LaserJet 1010 on Windows 10", 2015.

• Creative Technology Ltd. "Creative Soundblaster".
  • The manufacturer of the CREATIVE SOUNDBLASTER-PRO soundcard (8-bit, stereo, half-duplex) I once owned, and the manufacturer of my CREATIVE SOUNDBLASTER-16 ISA NON-PNP soundcard.

• Holmco SoundConnector ( CONRAD.de # 99 34 92-62 ) - to avoid noise feedback loops with computer-to-amplifier connections.
• Ratho GLI-18 ( CONRAD.de # 311405-62 ) - to avoid noise feedback loops with computer-to-amplifier connections.

• Heise "Brummschleife im PC", C´t 14/09.
• Heise "Brummschleife Wenn ich den Ausgang meiner Soundkarte mit der HiFi-Anlage verbinde, kommt ein tiefer Brummton aus den HiFi-Boxen", C´t 24/05.
• Heise "Digital brummt", C´t 25/98.

• USB headsets by Logitech.
  • My USB headset Logitech "Logitech H960 Office USB Headset with Noise-Canceling Mic".
  • Logitech H340 USB Headset for PC and Mac.
• USB headsets by agent headsets.
  • agent headsets "agent corded headsets".
    1. Single-earpiece heasdset agent headsets "AG-1 single-ear ultra noice-cancelling headset" with foam.
    2. Double-earpiece heasdset agent headsets "AG-2 double-ear ultra noice-cancelling headset" with foam.
    3. Single-earpiece heasdset “agent AP-1 USB”.
    4. Double-earpiece heasdset “agent AP-2 USB”.
• USB headsets by Creative:
  • Creative Fatal1ty Gaming Headset - Headphones + microphone.
  • Creative Fatal1ty Pro Series HS-800 Gaming Headset - Headphones + microphone.
• USB headsets by Sennheiser electronic GmbH & Co. KG:
  • Sennheiser electronic GmbH & Co. KG "Wired Headsets".
    • Sennheiser electronic GmbH & Co. KG "SC 30 USB ML".

• Traditional headsets with 3.5mm PC speaker jacks, by cabstone - Comfort Gaming Headset.
  • Cabstone Comfort Gaming Headset (Stereo Headset, Noise-Canceling, gepolstert, 2,2 m Kabel, 3,5 mm Klinke) schwarz/silber.

• Headsets by HyperX.
  • HyperX "HyperX Cloud Headset".
    • It was recommended to my by an advanced gamer .

• Trust International B.V. "Kopfhörer".
  • Traditional headsets with 3.5mm PC speaker jacks Trust International B.V. "GXT 784 Gaming Headset & Mouse".

• Wireless headsets by Jabra, with 1 or 2 speakers.
• Wireless headsets by Sennheiser electronic GmbH & Co. KG:
  • Sennheiser electronic GmbH & Co. KG "Office & Contact Center Headsets".
    • Sennheiser electronic GmbH & Co. KG "MB 660 Serie".
      • Sennheiser electronic GmbH & Co. KG "MB 660 UC".

• To attach a USB headset to a smartphone, you need a OTG (On The Go) cable which is merely a female USB-A to male USB-micro/C adapter .
• DE.Wikipedia "Headset (audio)", DE.Wikipedia "Headset".

• The 230 Volts power distributor Innovative Versorgungstechnik GmbH - “Sicherheitstechnik” / “PC-Power-Manager PM6”.
• The PC power supply Corsair CX 500.
• I was told that the cheap PC power supply “LC-P HM-780” has many legacy power interfaces for legacy devices ( floppy, hdd, CD-ROM drive ) , but I did not yet check that.

• See Software.

• C´t Systeminfo - Special free PC system information tools, including “Patch für Borland-Pascal Programme bei Verwendung von Pentium II/II oder Athlon über 550 MHz”.
• The Shareware memory tester software GoldMemory*Thorough Stand-alone Memory Test for Windows.
• The free memory tester software BradyTech Inc. "Memtest86" - “A comprehensive stand-alone memory diagnostic”.

• Game Debate "War Thunder - Test my PC. Can I run War Thunder?".
  • Game Debate "War Thunder - Test my PC. Can I run War Thunder?", Result for the notebook computer "ASUS K95VB".

• Blog AG PiratenPC - Dies ist der offizielle Blog der AG PiratenPC.
• Stas Bekman "Personal Computers (PCs) info" - “Motherboards Jumper Settings: A-Z”, “Network Cards Specs: A-Z”,...
• BIOS Kompendium.
• DAU-Alarm #.
  • Wiki WikiDAUia - “Wiki der DAU-Alarm Community”.
• DAU-Alarm Forum.
• Druckerchannel - Das Drucker-Fachmagazin.
• FAQs.
  • FAQ der de.comp.hardware-cpu+mainboard-Hierarchie, 2006-02-27.
• FCC IDs.
  • FCC (Federal Communications Commission) Office of Engineering and Technology) "Equipment Authorization - FCC ID Search Page".
  • Plasma-Online - Hardware database. Search for FCC numbers and chip printings.
• Game Tech Wiki.
  • Emulation General Wiki ( Emugen ) of Game Tech Wiki.
    • Emulation General Wiki ( Emugen ) of Game Tech Wiki "List of computers".
• The Hardware Book ( HwB ) - “Internet's largest free collection of connector pinouts and cable descriptions”.
• Archive.org "Markus Kauer 'USB Connectors on my motherboards'" ( - 2009-04-28 ).
• Motherboard Manuals Data and More.
• Oculus Developer Forums.
• The PC Guide.
  • The PC Guide "Troubleshooting BIOS Beep Codes".
• Tom's Hardware - The Authority on Tech.
• Tweak PC - Hardware Guide.

• Creative Technology Ltd. "Creative Discussion Forum".
• DriverGuide - Forum.
• Facebook.
  • Facebook "Computer repair, Laptop repair, Phone repair, Tablet repair".
• GeForce Forums.
• Google Groups "maus.hardware", Google Groups "fido.ger.hardware", Google Groups "alt.comp.hardware.homebuilt", Google Groups "alt.comp.hardware.pc-homebuilt", Google Groups "comp.sys.laptops", Google Groups "comp.laptops", Google Groups "comp.sys.ibm.pc.misc", Google Groups "comp.sys.ibm.pc.hardware.misc", Google Groups "comp.sys.ibm.pc.hardware.systems", Google Groups "comp.sys.ibm.pc.hardware.chips", Google Groups "comp.sys.ibm.pc.hardware.comm", Google Groups "comp.sys.ibm.pc.hardware.video", Google Groups "comp.sys.ibm.pc.hardware.video", Google Groups "alt.comp.periphs.cdr", Google Groups "alt.comp.periphs.mainboard.asus", Google Groups "alt.comp.periphs.mainboard.tyan", Google Groups "de.comp.misc", Google Groups "de.comp.periph.misc", Google Groups "de.sci.electronics", Google Groups "uk.comp.misc", Google Groups "aus.computers.ibm-pc", Google Groups "alt.computer.drivers.wanted", Google Groups "de.comp.hardware.monitore".
• Internetforen.
  • Internetforen - Hardwareforen - “AMI BIOS”, “Award BIOS”, “Phoenix BIOS”...#.
• Lenovo Community.
• ThinkPad-Forum.
• Treiber-Forum - Forum - Subforum “Treiber”.