[hemmerling] Wireless Networks

Related pages:

• Automation & Process Logic Control.
• Building Automation & Home Automation.
• Fieldbuses and Automation Networks.
• Network Tools 1/2.
• Network Tools 2/2 - Communications Hardware, Communication Applications & Drivers.
• Radio-Frequency Identification ( RFID ).

• 5G CMM EXPO & Conference in Hannover, 2019-10-08 - 2019-10-10.
  • “Zur 5G CMM EXPO wird es zwei Abendveranstaltungen geben. An diesen können Sie teilnehmen, wenn Sie ein Ticket für den Tag gekauft haben oder wenn Sie ein extra Ticket für die Networking Events kaufen”.
  • Google Werbung 2019-10 “Jetzt den Aktionscode 5G4CMM im Ticketshop eingeben und ein kostenfreies Ticket erhalten! Die gesamte Anwendungsbreite des 5G-Standards für alle vernetzen mobilen Dinge. Infos hier. Innovationen. Wissen aufbauen. Networking”.
  • LinkedIn Showcase "5G CMM EXPO".
• PMRExpo - Europäische Leitmesse für Professionellen Mobilfunk und Leitstellen in Köln, 2017-11-18 - 2017-11-20.
• The commercial, but affordable IOT conference Sigfox CONNECT, 2018-10-24 - 2018-10-25.
  • “After a very successful event in 2017 in Prague, the Sigfox world IoT EXPO is coming to Berlin in 2018 and becomes Sigfox Connect”.
  • “Please note that October 24th is a private day, only accessible by invitation. The Regular or Student Ticket gives access to the 25th of October”.
  • SlidesLive - Professionelle Aufzeichnungen von Konferenzen "Sigfox" - “Sigfox CONNECT - Video from 2017”.

• 2.4 Ghz, 5 Ghz → Mostly normed wireless communications . Good range in US style ( “wooden” ) houses , weak range in European ( “stone & armored concrete” ) houses.
• 868 Mhz → Wireless M-Bus , KNX PLC = KNX RF , but mostly proprietary wireless communications , often due to “all inclusive service” service models of service providers. Acceptable range in European ( “stone & armored concrete” ) houses, higher range than with 2.4 Ghz.
• 433 Mhz is “the future” from point of view of some technology experts.

• T-Mobile DevEdge.
  • T-Mobile DevEdge "IoT Developer Kit", 2022-06.
    • “Sign up to get an IoT Developer Kit ON US. Upon release this summer, we’ll give away the first 1,000 kits to the first 1,000 developers to join the waitlist. To join the waitlist, simply select 'IoT Developer Kit'—those who are eligible will receive one FREE Kit”.
    • “Our IoT Developer Kit uses LTE CAT-M, a leading LPWA network technology for Internet of Things applications offering a connection speed of up to 375 Kbps. It can connect resource-constrained devices to the internet and transmit small amounts of data over long periods of time, while providing high signal penetration and maintaining minimal power consumption. Out of the box, you can see the device’s data over our cellular network without additional coding”.
    • “32-bit ARM Cortex M4 MCU”, “LTE CAT-M Module, 2.4GHz Wi-Fi, BLE Bluetooth”, “Segger J-Link programming interface”.

• Vodaphone "Geschäftskunden / Lösungen / Internet of Things / Narrowband IoT.
• Vodaphone "NB-IoT Development Kit".
• System house Exelonix GmbH, which may suport the development of customer solutions, based on the “NB-IoT Development Kit”.

• telenor IOT "5G RedCap for IoT: The Perfect Balance of 5G Capabilities" - “An overview of 5G NR-Light, including definition, benefits and advantages, as well as opportunities for IoT”.

• IETF "IPv6 over Low power WPAN (6lowpan)".
• 6LoWPAN - The Wireless Embedded Internet.
• EN.Wikipedia "6LoWPAN", DE.Wikipedia "6LoWPAN".

• Dynastream Innovations "ANT - The Wireless Sensor Network Solution" ( Garmin daugther company of Garmin ).
  • Dynastream Innovations "ANT Developer".
• I was told by experts in 2016-03, that ANT+ is now replaced by BLE, for development of new products.
• EN.Wikipedia "ANT (network)", EN.Wikipedia "ANT (Netzwerk)".
• EN.Wikipedia "ANT+".

• Bluetooth.
  • Bluetooth Development Portal.
    • Bluetooth - GATT Specifications.
• Bluetooth Technology Website.

• Meetup "Hamburg Titanium", Event "All about iBeacons", 2014-08-08.
• Meetup "Softwerkskammer Hamburg", Event "Code & Coffee - All about iBeacons", 2014-08-08.
• Waytation.
  • On the CEBIT 2018 fair, the company distributed BLE bacons to fair visitors, so that they might collect their walks on the fairground.
  • Waytation "Visitor journey for CeBIT 2018"
    • “Login to your visitor journey” with “Badge ID” ( e.g. “67809014853016” ) and “Ticket Code” ( last 3 digits of the ticket code, e.g. “r8u” ).
    • There was no option to enter the beakon ID, e.g. “1C:D2:3C:51:3B:A0” .
  • CEBIT 2018 "CEBIT JOURNEY – Your digital visit summary", CEBIT 2018 "CEBIT JOURNEY – Ihr digitaler Besuchsbericht".
• Dialog Semiconductor "SmartBond Technology Tour" with Avnet Silica in Dortmund, 2019-05-14.

• Texas Instruments.
  • Texas Instruments Processors Wiki "Simplelink SensorTag" - “The SensorTag now supports iBeacon technology!”.
  • Texas Instruments "Connect your Bluetooth Smart product to an Android or iOS device" - “TI SensorTag now supports iBeacon technology”.
  • Texas Instruments "CC2541 SensorTag Software" → “SENSORTAG-BEACON-FW: SensorTag source code for iBeacon → REQUEST”.
    • “IMPORTANT - ONLY iBeacon license holders will be approved. NOTE: This is NOT the same as Apple MFI or Apple iOS developer program licenses. CONFIRM: Do you have an iBeacon license from Apple?”
    • “Provide the ACCOUNT NUMBER for the COMPANY requesting access to the software. NOTE: Find this in the Company Info section under the License Info links in the iBeacon Portal at mfi.apple.com”.
• BEACONinside GmbH "BEACONinside - iBeacon Hardware & Software Solutions 'Made in Germany'".

• Nodes "List of the 9 biggest Beacon manufacturers".

• Google Play "BLE SensorTag" by "Steven Rudenko".
• GitHub "AppWerft/iBeacontest".

• iBeacons transmit a UID ( identical for all iBeacon items of a project ), a major and minor number ( 64 values ), and an ( computed ) estimated range of the iBeacon from the interacting Smartphone. Just that. Its a helper service to supply “location based services”.
  • EN.Wikipedia "Location-based service", DE.Wikipedia "Standortbezogene Dienste".

• “CY8CKIT-042-BLE Bluetooth Low Energy Pioneer Development Kit” → See ARM Embedded Systems ( ARM7, ARM8, ARM9, ARM11, Cortex ).

• See ARM Embedded Systems ( ARM7, ARM8, ARM9, ARM11, Cortex ).
• See the application “Tile” on this page.

• TI Bluetooth low energy Solutions.
• TI Bluetooth low energy Wiki.
• TI Bluetooth low energy E2E Forum.
• TI Bluetooth low energy SensorTag.

• Texas Instruments "Bluetooth low energy software stack and tools".

• TI Bluetooth low energy SensorTag.
• Texas Instruments "TI's SensorTag app for Android™ 4.3 makes Bluetooth® Smart app development easy".
• Texas Instruments "Wireless Connectivity".
  • Texas Instruments "CC2541 SensorTag Development Kit".
  • Texas Instruments "Sensortag" - “Connect your Bluetooth low energy product to an Android or iOS smartphone”.
  • Texas Instruments "Sensortag" - “Verbinden Sie Ihr Bluetooth Low Energy-Produkt mit einem Android- oder iOS-Smartphone”.
  • Texas Instruments "CC2541 SensorTag Software".
    • Videos “Introduction to TI Bluetooth Low Energy for the IoT” and “SensorTag Introduction”.
  • Texas Instruments Wiki "Bluetooth SensorTag".
  • Texas Instruments Wiki "Category:BluetoothLE".

• BlueZ - “Official Linux Bluetooth protocol stack”.

• Plugable "Easy Way to Use Bluetooth to Exchange Files with Your Phone in Windows – Fsquirt Guide".
• SuperUser "bluetooth - Files from Android to Windows 8.1 pc".

• Cassia Networks, Cassia Networks - “Long-range Bluetooth IoT”.
• Estimote - Proximity Beacons, Location Beacons, Estimote Stickers, Estimote Mirror.

• Nordic Semiconductor ASA.
  • Nordic Semiconductor Global Tech Tour, 2013.

• Google Play "LightBlue Explorer — Bluetooth Low Energy".
• Google Play "BLE Scanner".

• Tile.
  • My Tile "Mate".
• Google Play, Tile Inc. "Tile".
  • Welcome to Tile, the world’s largest lost and found. This app works with Tile, a tiny Bluetooth tracker that finds everyday items in seconds—like your phone, keys, and wallet.
  • Attach or stick Tile to anything you need to find fast. Use the app to help you find your Tiled items quickly and easily. You can also use your Tile to ring your phone — even on silent!
    • Ring your things. Use the app to ring your stuff. If your Tile is within the 300-foot Bluetooth range, it will play a loud tune until you find it.
    • Ring your phone. Can't find your phone? Press any one of your Tiles to make your lost phone ring—even if it's on silent.

• TrackR Inc, TrackR Inc.
• Google Play, TrackR Inc "TrackR - Lost Item Tracker".
  • App requires Android 4.4 & later with Bluetooth Low Energy. Custom Roms are not supported.
  • Multiple device support is Android device specific.
• Smart Device Trends "Bravo TrackR".

• I was told by experts: Since 2014, placing a Bluetooth enabled product on the market requires to pay a license fee for each single item . Before that, buying a “complete Bluetooth module” of a sub-manufacturer and integrating it into the product, was not subject of a license fee . With a complete Bluetooth solution, you must not pay.
• Bluetooth LE enabled devices and operating systems:
  • Android 4.3 → See Google Android. With earlier releases of Android, the hardware was Bluetooth LE ready, but not software-enabled.
  • iPhone 4S, iPad2.
  • Windows 8, but just if there is hardware support, which is not standard with notebooks or even desktop PCs → See Windows Vista, Windows 7, Windows Server 2008 and 2012, Windows 8, Windows Phone.
• EN.Wikipedia "Bluetooth", DE.Wikipedia "Bluetooth", Flat Design.
• Quora "Is there a difference between Bluetooth 4.0 and Bluetooth Low Energy? If so, what?" - “In the new specification, BT 4.1 we have the hub. You will find such a hub in a smart watch for sports. The watch will work in the central mode in direction to the heart rate belt and other senors on the bike and in peripheral mode in direction to the smartphone”.
• PC Magazin "Bluetooth 4.2 erklärt: Das kann die nächste Version" - “Zu guter Letzt wurde mit der Version 4.2 eine sichere und variable Verbindung zum Internet geschaffen – nach Paketstandard IPv6, mit dem sich die Anzahl der möglichen Geräte potenziert. So kann nun das Internet der Dinge, also Haussteuerung (z.B. Beleuchtung, Heizung, Sicherheit), Smart Meters und Kommunikation mit Haushaltsgeräten auf Basis von Bluetooth entwickelt werden. Ist ein Übergabepunkt zum WWW vorhanden, kann dann alles weltweit gesteuert werden”.
• Symmetry Electronics "BLE 4.1 vs. BLE 4.2 - New Features and Advantages".
  • “Bluetooth 4.2 introduces several new features that improve speed and privacy over Bluetooth 4.1 but the main advantage is allowing chips to use Bluetooth over Internet Protocol version 6 (IPv6) for direct Internet access. With this, the possibilities expand beyond thoseof current designs and markets to include any type of Bluetooth device requiring speed and security in the IoT”.
    • IoT Capabilities:
      • Low-power IP (IPv6/6LoWPAN).
      • Bluetooth Smart Internet Gateways (GATT).
    • “With BLE 4.2 Bluetooth Smart sensors can transmit data over the internet”.
  • “Symmetry Electronics is able to support your BLE 4.2 designs with the recently released Silicon Labs Blue Gecko line of BLE modules and development tools. The certified Blue Gecko module allows you to quickly add Bluetooth connectivity to your applications with software stack and an intuitive scripting language for development”.

• EnOcean GmbH.
• EnOcean Alliance Inc..
• EnOcean Alliance Inc. - Our Members - Promoters, Participants, Associate Members.
• EnOcean-Funkstandard → “Enocean Equipment Profile”.

• WAGO Kontakttechnik GmbH & Co. KG.
• OSRAM GmbH.
• PEHA Paul Hochköpper GmbH & Co.KG.
• .steute Schaltgeräte GmbH & Co. KG.
• Thermokon Sensortechnik GmbH.

• At the “Funk-Roadshow 2011” on 2011-11-15 in Hamburg, all participants were invited to become sponsored “EnOcean Associate” for 2 years. To apply for this sponsored membership at EnOcean Alliance Application Form, select “Application as = 'Associate'” and at “Sponsored by:”, please enter “Roadshow 2011”.
  • Regularly, the membership fee as “Associate” is $500 ( USD) for 2 years.
  • So if your business partnership should not result in a monetary benefit , be shure to cancel the free membership in time.
  • Remember “Fees apply ... from date of registration”. If you do not cancel the membership, you wll pay $500 for the 3rd. and 4th. year, and furtheron.
  • The contract documents in German language do not contain:
    • A return address of the organization. It is just printed on the website ( postal address, FAX telephone number, E-Mail ).
    • A “period of cancellation” ( “Kündigungsfrist” ).
    • The required form of a membership cancellation ( e.g. just cancellation by a paper letter and FAX letter, or even by E-Mail ? ) .
  • However, the German contract documents contain severe typing mistakes ( “Einschräkungen” ), and part of the German contract text is written in captalized letters, which makes it hard to read even for German natives .

• WAGO Kontakttechnik "Messen und Veranstaltungen" - Event “Funk-Roadshow 2011”, 2011-11-15 in Hamburg, Germany.

• The commercial software BootUp GmbH "myHomeControl" for Windows with .NET 2.0 - “A building/home automation system with build in visualisation and control capabilities designed for the use of EnOcean based devices”.

• Arrow Europe "Märkte & Lösungen / Lösungen / Energy Harvesting".
• EN.Wikipedia "Energy Harvesting", DE.Wikipedia "Energy Harvesting".
• EN.Wikipedia "Ecodesign", DE.Wikipedia "Ecodesign".

• Wi-Fi Alliance "Wi-Fi HaLow".
• Wi-Fi Alliance "Wi-Fi Alliance introduces low power, long range Wi-Fi HaLow", 2016-01-04.

• InSSIDer for Windows XP with .NET Framework 4.0.
  • The commercial InSSIDer.
  • The free CHIP "inSSIDer Home (letzte Freeware-Version)".

• EN.Wikipedia "IEEE 802.11", DE.Wikipedia "IEEE 802.11".
• EN.Wikipedia "Wi-Fi", DE.Wikipedia "Wi-Fi".
• EN.Wikipedia "IEEE 802.11ah", EN.Wikipedia "IEEE 802.11ah".
• EN.Wikipedia "IEEE 802.11ax" - “It is designed to operate in license exempt bands between 1 and 6 GHz when they become available for 802.11 use. All Wi-Fi 6 devices work over the previously allocated 2.4 and 5 GHz bands”.

• IO-Link "IO-Link Wireless".

• KNX Association.
  • EN.Wikipedia "KNX (standard)", EN.Wikipedia "Instabus" = “European Installation Bus” (EIB).
• Freebus-RF "Technische Einzelheiten zu KNX-RF".
• Weinzierl Engineering GmbH "KNX Stack Funk (KNX-RF)" - “Atmel ATmega, Atmel ATxmega, Atmel ARM7 (z.B. SAM7), Silicon Labs Si100x single-chip (8051 & Transceiver), Texas Instruments MSP430”.

• 863.io - “low power usage (autonomous nodes can last up to year), high ranges (5-15km), easy setup, json-protocol”.
• Link Labs - “Wide Area, Low Power Networks for the Internet of Things”.
• LoRa Alliance - “Wide Area Networks for IOT”.
• LORIOT - LoRaWAN Services and Software - “LORIOT is a Swiss start-up in the field of Internet of Things, founded in 2015”.
  • Twitter "LORIOT.io, @LORIOTio".
• Actility - Making Things Smart "ThingPark" - “The ThingPark Wireless Network”, “ThingPark Wireless, the Internet of Things network dedicated to long range low-power sensors”, “A LoRaWAN long range bi-directional low power network”.
• Semtech Corporation.
  • Semtech "Internet of Things (IoT)".
  • Semtech "RF Transceivers".
  • Converge! "IBM and Semtech Develop Long Range Wide-area Network for IoT", 2015-03.

• IBM Research "IBM Long-Range Signaling and Control (LRSC)" - “IBM 'LoRa WAN in C' is the LoRa WAN implementation of choice, and a perfect match to the IBM LRSC on the end device. It is provided as open source under the Eclipse Public License (EPL)”.

• GitHub "JiapengLi/lorawan-parser".
  • GitHub Wiki "JiapengLi/lorawan-parser".
• GitHub "matthijskooijman/arduino-lmic" - “LoraWAN-in-C library, adapted to run under the Arduino environment”.

• GitHub "mirakonta/lmic" - “LoRaMAC in C / LoRaWAN in C”.

• GitHub "Lora-net".
  • GitHub "Lora-net/lora_gateway" - “The source code of firmware” of the “LoRa Lite Gateway” gateway by IMST GmbH. *”Driver/HAL to build a gateway using a concentrator board based on Semtech SX1301 multi-channel modem and SX1257/SX1255 RF transceivers”.

• LoRa Server - open-source LoRaWAN server.
  • LoRa Server - open-source LoRaWAN server "LoRa Server documentation".
• GitHub "Orne Brocaar ( brocaar )".
  • GitHub "brocaar/loraserver" - “LoRa Server is an open-source LoRaWAN network-server”.

• The OpenSource The Things Network - “LoRa Network Server”.
• The Things Network "Console".
  • Adding applications.
  • Registering gateways.
• Wiki The Things Network Wiki.
• GitHub "The Things Network".

• AVNET Silica "Visible Things Starter Kits".
  • My board “VT-SS-002-BDB - Smart Sensor #2: LoRaWAN Sensor Node” - “The LoRaWAN Smart Sensor together with local sensors is managed by an NXP Cortex M0 microcontroller. Whether a private or public LoRaWAN network is being used, Avnet Silica can support the integration between the network server and a cloud service such as Devicepoint”.

• Advantech Co., Ltd., Germany.
  • Gateways.
    • Advantech Co., Ltd. "UTX-3117. Intel Atom platform with Dual GbE LAN Fanless Compact Box".
    • Advantech Co., Ltd. "UTX-3115. Lüfterloser Compact-Box-PC mit Intel Atom E3826 und Dual-Giga-LAN" with WiFi, BLE, LoRa,.. interfaces.
  • “Sensors Nodes”.
    • Advantech Co., Ltd. "WISE IoT Wireless Sensor Node. Intelligent Sensing Devices for IoT Big Data Applications"
    • Advantech Co., Ltd. "Advantech LoRaWAN Certified WISE-1510 M2.COM Sensor Node for LPWA IoT Application Deployment".
  • Resources.
    • Advantech Co., Ltd. "Advantech WISE – mit Embedded-WISE-Node und –Gateways zuverlässig Daten erfassen und in die IoT-Ära starten", 2015-02-17.
• IOT Software for UTX-3117.
  • Alleantia srl - “All Things Joined”.
    • Alleantia srl "ISC Software" - “Zero-code integration upstream and downstream, from wire to cloud in 10 seconds”.
    • Facebook "Alleantia, @Alleantia".
    • Vimeo "Alleantia Srl".
    • Twitter "Alleantia, @Alleantiasrl".
    • Alleantia ISC communications is based on “Modbus TCP” and “Ethernet/IP”.
      • Experts told me, that “Modbus TCP” was selected as base communications protocol due to the need to support some special sensor nodes, for which “Modbus TCP” is the major communications protocol.
      • Even SIEMENS supports “Modbus TCP”.
        • SIEMENS S1500 PLC is shipped with “Modbus TCP” protocol stack.
        • Legacy SIEMENS S300 PLC has a commercial option for a “Modbus TCP” protocol stack.

• dvantech Co., Ltd., Germany.
  • Advantech Co., Ltd. "WISE-3610. Wireless IoT LoRa Private Network Gateway".
• IMST GmbH.
  • Wireless Solutions by IMST GmbH "LoRa - Long Range Radio".
  • The evaluation demo kit Wireless Solutions by IMST GmbH "LoRa Lite Gateway".
    • No network server included, just packet forwarding to a LoRa network server.
  • Wireless Solutions by IMST GmbH "Radio Modules".
  • Wireless Solutions by IMST GmbH "LoRa - Long Range Radio" - "M880A-L - Long Range Radio Module".
• Microchip "Embedded Wireless. Low Power Wide Area Network".
  • Microchip "RN2483 LoRa Technology Transceiver".

• Multi-Tech Systems, Inc..
  • Multi-Tech Systems, Inc. "Gateways, Routers and Modems".
    • Multi-Tech Systems, Inc. "MultiConnect Conduit IoT Starter Kit for LoRa Technology".
    • The expensive industry-ready Multi-Tech Systems, Inc. "MultiConnect Conduit. Programmable Gateway for the Internet of Things (MTCDT Series).
      • The device is deigned for up to 2 LoRa RF modules.
    • Multi-Tech Systems, Inc. "MultiConnect Conduit AP Access Point for LoRa Technology LoRaWAN to IP Border Gateway".
      • Multi-Tech Systems, Inc. "MultiConnect Conduit AP MTCAP-LEU1-868-001L-EU-GB" - “MTCAP-LEU1 Home Page”.
      • On the Hannover Fair CeBIT 2017, a Multitech's staff member announced the planned launch a budget gateway “Lora Access Point, MTCAP LEU1” in mid-2017. As of 2017-03, Currently, the NodeRed GUI implementation for this device is under development.
      • The device is deigned for 1 LoRa RF module.
  • MultiTech Developer Resources - A Community of Developers.
    • MultiTech Developer Resources - A Community of Developers "LoRa Network Server".
  • Distributors for Germany:
    • SPHINX Computer Vertriebs GmbH ( sphinxcomputer.com ), SPHINX Computer Vertriebs GmbH ( sphinxcomputer.de ).
      • SPHINX Computer Vertriebs GmbH "LoRa".
        • SPHINX Computer Vertriebs GmbH "LoRa / Multi-Tech Systems".
    • Unitronic GmbH.
      • Unitronic GmbH "Linecard Multi-Tech".
      • Unitronic GmbH "MultiConnect mDot von MULTITECH. Long Range 868/915 MHz LoRa™ Funkmodul".
      • Unitronic GmbH "Neue Mobilfunkmodems und Router von MultiTech Systems. MultiConnect rCell und Cell 100 Serie".
  • Resources.
    • Multitech's LoRa gateways are shipped with
      • Linux.
      • LoRa Gateway server.
      • Extra LoRa Network server ( unique selling proposition! ). You may switch between packet forwarding ( LoRa network server deactivated ) and active LoRa network server.
      • NodeRed graphical user interface ( GUI ) for configuration, based on IBM's AEP.
      • There are several optional hardware order options. There is always an Ethernet connector
        • With or without 4G LTE modem
        • With or without WiFi.
    • Multitech's LoRa modules are “LoRa certified”.

• Thingpark Store "LoRa – ThingPark Wireless Kit for VAR partners (868Mhz)".

• reichelt elektronik GmbH & Co. KG - Search for "lora gateway".

• Senet - The sensible network company.
  • Senet - The sensible network company "Developer Portal" - “IoT Development

Tools and Information”.

• EN.Wikipedia "LoRaWAN".
• EN.Wikipedia "Semtech".
• EN.Wikipedia "Institut für Mobil- und Satellitenfunktechnik".

• On the secIT by Heise congress fair 2024, I got an NFC device by it-sa in the form of a pen, which if activated by a smartphone, opens a URL at the default browser.
• For Android smartphones, the NFC device must be held at the back of the smartphone ( i.e. at the side of the front camera ).
• Experts told me, that for iPhone smartphones, the NFC device must be held at the front of the smartphone ( i.e. at the side of the display ).

• I was told by experts:
  • Apple iPhones 6,7 just implement an NFC “Card”.
  • Android Smartphones with NFC support are used to implement the full NFC standard ( “Card”, “Reader”, “Peer2Peer” ).

• GoToTags "NDEF" - If the smartphone reads this NFC tag, it may open an Internet browser to display a webpage ( URL ).
• EN.Wikipedia "Near field communication", DE.Wikipedia "Near Field Communication".

• EN.Wikipedia "Qi (inductive power standard)", DE.Wikipedia "Qi (induktive Energieübertragung)".

• M-Bus.
• The OpenSource Java library openMUC "jMBus".
• EN.Wikipedia "Meter-Bus", DE.Wikipedia "M-Bus (Feldbus)".
• elektroniknet.de "Wireless-M-Bus – der neue Smart-Metering-Standard?", 2009-09-29.
• Texas Instruments.
  • Texas Instruments "Wireless Connectivity", Texas Instruments "Wireless Connectivity".
  • The affordable Texas Instruments "Performance Line Development Kit" is shipped with 2 “SmartRF Transceiver” modules for 868 Mhz #.
  • Texas Instruments "Wireless M-Bus protocol software".
    • “The physical layer and the data link layer of KNX-RF were defined jointly with the wireless MBUS standard, and S-mode complies with the KNX-RF standard”.
  • TI already may provide a Wireless M-Bus stack for some of its hardware products, by special request.

• EN.Wikipedia "ZigBee", DE.Wikipedia "ZigBee".
• The ZigBee V1.0 specifications do not define an IP-based protocol, in favour of little bandwidth.
• The ZigBee Smart Energy V2.0 specifications define an IP-based protocol.

• Z-Wave Alliance.
  • Z-Wave.com - ZwaveStart.
  • EN.Wikipedia "Z-Wave", DE.Wikipedia "Z-Wave".

• Haystack.
• LoRaWAN (LoRa Alliance).
• NB-IoT (3GPP).
• Senet.
• SigFox.
• RPMA (Ingenu).

• Open RAN.
  • Juniper "Was ist Open RAN?".

• EN.Wikipedia "Radio access network", DE.Wikipedia "Funkzugangsnetz".

• “SONOFF DIY Wi-Fi Wireless Switch For Smart Home”.
  • Banggood "SONOFF DIY Wi-Fi Wireless Switch For Smart Home With ABS Shell Mobile APP Timer Socket Remote Control Switch Module".
  • GearBest "Smart Home WiFi Remote Timing Switch. Wireless Control for Apple Android".
  • Amazon "SONOFF 10A DIY Smart WiFi Fernbedienung General Modification Remote Kontrolle mit Smart APP".
  • Techbook "Was taugt Smart Home für 5 Euro?" - “Zuerst benötigen Sie den WLAN-Schalter von Itead. Dessen Smart-Home-System trägt den Namen 'Sonoff'. Diesen gibt es bei verschiedenen Online-Händlern direkt aus China für 4 bis 10 Euro – etwa bei Banggood, GearBest oder Amazon”.

• Google - Search for "Digiglobe".
• Google - Search for "DigiGlobe Digitalkugel Satellitenschüssel Quattro LNB".
• SATzentrale - Das Sat- und Medienportal "Antennenarten" - “Digiglobe-Antenne. Eine als Haus/Garten-Lampe getarnte Sat-Antenne. In der Kugel ist eine kleine Offsettantenne versteckt. Die Sat-Signale gehen durch die Kugel durch und werden so empfangen. Der Clou: Durch eine eingebaute Lampe kann die Kugel auch zum leuchten gebracht werden”.
• Typical sales in 2002 for 229.90 EUR.
• At some auction platforms, second-hand devices are offered for 700 EUR, in 2016 .

• IMST GmbH - Wireless, WiFi, Zigbee & Bluetooth experts.
• Publication Konstantin Mikhaylov, Nikolaos Plevritakis, Jouni Tervonen "Performance Analysis and Comparison of Bluetooth Low Energy with IEEE 802.15.4 and SimpliciTI".

• Book Stephen Beeby, Neil White: "Energy Harvesting for Autonomous Systems (Smart Materials, Structures, and Systems)".
• The commercial book .steute, Wolfgang Gebhardt, Jörg F. Wollert "Das Funkbuch: Wissenswertes zu Funktechnologien". As participant of the “Funk-Roadshow 2011”, I got an item for free .
• Book Robin Heydon: "Bluetooth Low Energy: The Developer's Handbook".
• Book Nick Hunn: "Essentials of Short-Range Wireless (The Cambridge Wireless Essentials Series)".

• Experts told me:
  • With LoRa, you may spread the spectrum, so that you have both the option for high data volume ( with lower range ) and low data volume ( with maximum range), e.g. 20 messages/d.
  • With Sigfox, you are limited to e.g. 20 messages/d.
  • In comparison to LTE-Narrowband, LoRa and SigFox have very limited bandwidth.
• EN.Wikipedia "Comparison of wireless data standards".

• ANT Forum.
• aruba NETWORKS. an HP company "Airheads Community".
• Bluetooth Community Forum.
• Facebook "LORIOT.io".
• MultiTech Developer Resources - A Community of Developers.
  • MultiTech Developer Resources - A Community of Developers, Forums.
• StackOverflow.
  • StackOverflow - Questions tagged with "bluetooth".
  • StackOverflow - Questions tagged with "bluetooth-lowenergy".
• The Things Network "Community".
  • The Things Network Forum.

• OpenDirectory "Top: Computers: Data Communications: Wireless".
• OpenDirectory "Top: World: Deutsch: Computer: Netzwerk: Wireless".
• OpenDirectory "Top: World: Deutsch: Computer: : Internet : Zugang: Wireless".